{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:50:35Z","timestamp":1790419835847,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,5]],"date-time":"2019-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The work of the Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research Tuebingen is supported by an unrestricted grant of the Employers\u00b4 Association of the Metal and Electric Industry Baden-Wuerttemberg (Suedwestmetall).","award":["-"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["-"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders at the elbow are a common health problem, which highly impacts workers\u2019 well-being and performance. Besides existing qualitative information, there is a clear lack of quantitative information of physical risk factors associated with specific disorders at the elbow (SDEs). Objective: To provide evidence-based quantitative measures of physical risk factors associated with SDEs. Methods: Studies were searched from 2007 to 2017 in Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Work. The identified risk factors were grouped in main- and sub-categories of exposure using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework for rating evidence. Results: 133 different risk-factor specifications were identified in 10\/524 articles and were grouped into 5 main- and 16 sub-categories of exposure. The risk factors were significantly associated with lateral epicondylitis, medial epicondylitis, or ulnar neuropathy. Significant risk factors such as wrist angular velocity (5\u00b0\/s, with increasing prevalence ratio of 0.10%\/(\u00b0\/s), or forearm supination (\u226545\u00b0 and \u22655% of time combined with forceful lifting) were found. Conclusions: This review delivers a categorization of work-related physical risk-factor specifications for SDEs with a special focus on quantitative measures, ranked for evidence. These results may build the base for developing risk assessment methods and prospective preventive measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16010130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T03:06:06Z","timestamp":1547003166000},"page":"130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Quantitative Measures of Physical Risk Factors Associated with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Elbow: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1898-0700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David H.","family":"Seidel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Tuebingen, Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research (IASV), 72074 Tuebingen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Unit Ergonomics, Referat Ergonomie, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk M.","family":"Ditchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Unit Ergonomics, Referat Ergonomie, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike M.","family":"Hoehne-H\u00fcckst\u00e4dt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Unit Ergonomics, Referat Ergonomie, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7855-3663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika A.","family":"Rieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Tuebingen, Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research (IASV), 72074 Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Steinhilber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Tuebingen, Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research (IASV), 72074 Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Health and Safety Executive (HSE) (2018, May 18). 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