{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:07:13Z","timestamp":1785330433534,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]],"date-time":"2019-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mine tailings have been analyzed by a sequential extraction procedure after their pre-treatment with a leaching solution for 24 h and electrodialytic remediation during 15 days with a constant electric field of 2.7 V cm\u22121. Four leaching solutions were tested: H2SO4 + HNO3 (2:1 vol.) pH = 1.9; H2SO4 + HNO3 (2:1 vol) pH = 4.2; NH4Cl 0.8M, pH = 5.5 and 30% H2O2 adjusted to pH 2 with HNO3 1M + HCl 1M. After the treatment, the tailings were divided in six slices from anode to cathode. The highest removal efficiency of copper was obtained with H2SO4 + HNO3 pH = 1.9, which allows one to remove 67% of the copper in the total cell and 85% of the copper in the slice closest to anode. The same solution with pH = 4.2 allows one to remove 62% of the total copper. The analysis realized by the sequential extraction method indicates the easy removal of water-soluble and exchangeable fractions in all experiments, moreover, residual and sulfide are the less mobile fractions. The general trend was the movement of copper associated to different fractions from anode to cathode and its accumulation closest to the cathode in the case of exchangeable, Fe-Mn oxides and acid soluble fractions, possibly due to some precipitation of copper compounds associated with less acidic conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T04:08:20Z","timestamp":1550549300000},"page":"584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Application of a Sequential Extraction Method for Analyzing Cu Distribution in Pre-Treated Mine Tailings after Electrodialytic Remediation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6123-9360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Lazo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica y Ambiental, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Federico Santa Mar\u00eda, Avenida Espa\u00f1a 1680, Valpara\u00edso 2390123, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik K.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica y Ambiental, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Federico Santa Mar\u00eda, Avenida Espa\u00f1a 1680, Valpara\u00edso 2390123, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Lazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica y Bioqu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valpara\u00edso, Avenida Gran Breta\u00f1a 1111, Playa Ancha, Valpara\u00edso 2360102, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica y Ambiental, Universidad T\u00e9cnica Federico Santa Mar\u00eda, Avenida Espa\u00f1a 1680, Valpara\u00edso 2390123, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2014.04.079","article-title":"Designing mine tailings for better environmental, social and economic outcomes: A review of alternative approaches","volume":"84","author":"Edraki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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