{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1777028576522,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000203","name":"Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["232021\u20132500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232021\u20132500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although research about the unintended consequences of paternal incarceration for family well-being has grown in recent years, there has been minimal exploration of food insecurity. Using qualitative methods, we aimed to understand the relationships between paternal incarceration and family food insecurity in Canada. An ethnographic study (24 months) was conducted that included naturalistic observation and in-depth interviews with formerly incarcerated fathers, their partners, and societal reintegration-focused stakeholders (n = 63). Interpretive thematic analysis based on family impact and intersectional theories, indicated that family food insecurity was elucidated by pre-incarceration, economic, social, health, and relationship factors; stigma and social\/structural constraints; and intersections among individual, correctional system, community, and macro-level (i.e., economic, social, policy, physical contexts) factors. Participatory approaches and collaborative action among diverse stakeholders that include practitioners, policy makers, researchers, as well as health, social, and criminal justice agencies can guide best practices in creating supportive food environments for families impacted by adversities of incarceration. In particular, interventions aimed at prescriptive ethics, social justice, and meaningful rehabilitation show promise at mitigating the collateral consequences of incarceration-related food insecurity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16050776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]],"date-time":"2019-03-04T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1551678336000},"page":"776","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Food Security in the Context of Paternal Incarceration: Family Impact Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Davison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada"},{"name":"Fulbright Canada Visiting Research Chair, College of Social Sciences, University of Hawaii at M\u0101noa, 2500 Campus Road, Hawaii Hall 310, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA"},{"name":"Health Science Program, Department of Biology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, 12666 72nd Avenue, Surrey, BC V3W 2M8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"D\u2019Andreamatteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, 209 Human Ecology Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Markham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clifford","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Health Science, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Work, University of Washington, 1900 Commerce Street, Tacoma, WA 98402, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria L.","family":"Smye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada"},{"name":"University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Health Science, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada"},{"name":"Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, Room 3306, FIMS &amp; Nursing Building, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Statistics Canada & Correctional Services Program (2019, February 15). 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