{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:09:42Z","timestamp":1790759382834,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EUROPEAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT FUND OF THE EUROPEAN UNION","award":["Ticks and tick borne infectious diseases in the conditions of South Bohemia and Bavaria"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ticks and tick borne infectious diseases in the conditions of South Bohemia and Bavaria"]}]},{"name":"GRANT AGENCY OF THE VSB-TU OSTRAVA","award":["SP\/2010184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP\/2010184"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["206\/09\/H026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["206\/09\/H026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z60220518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z60220518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005357","name":"Agent\u00fara na Podporu V\u00fdskumu a V\u00fdvoja","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APVV-16-0518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APVV-16-0518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005357","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, YOUTH AND SPORTS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC","award":["LO1218  NPU I program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LO1218  NPU I program"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Europe, Lyme borreliosis (LB) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) are the two vector-borne diseases with the largest impact on human health. Based on data on the density of host-seeking Ixodes ricinus ticks and pathogen prevalence and using a variety of environmental data, we have created an acarological risk model for a region where both diseases are endemic (Czech Republic\u2014South Bohemia and Germany\u2014Lower Bavaria, Upper Palatinate). The data on tick density were acquired by flagging 50 sampling sites three times in a single season. Prevalence of the causative agents of LB and TBE was determined. Data on environmental variables (e.g., altitude, vegetation cover, NDVI, land surface temperature) were obtained from various sources and processed using geographical information systems. Generalized linear models were used to estimate tick density, probability of tick infection, and density of infected ticks for the whole area. A significantly higher incidence of human TBE cases was recorded in South Bohemia compared to Bavarian regions, which correlated with a lower tick density in Bavaria. However, the differences in pathogen prevalence rates were not significant. The model outputs were made available to the public in the form of risk maps, indicating the distribution of tick-borne disease risk in space.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16071173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T03:39:28Z","timestamp":1554262768000},"page":"1173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Model of Risk of Exposure to Lyme Borreliosis and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus-Infected Ticks in the Border Area of the Czech Republic (South Bohemia) and Germany (Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-4604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e1clav","family":"H\u00f6nig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9789-292X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"\u0160vec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luk\u00e1\u0161","family":"Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoHealth Laboratory, Geospatial Research Institute, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Mrkvi\u010dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia, Studentska 13, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0882-7806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zubrikov\u00e1","family":"Dana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria (V\u00f6gerl)","family":"Wittmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ond\u0159ej","family":"Masa\u0159","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Szturcov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geoinformatics, VSB\u2014Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4655-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"R\u016f\u017eek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Pfister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Comparative Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Leopoldstr. 5, 80802 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libor","family":"Grubhoffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech 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