{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:25:01Z","timestamp":1774610701731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000010","name":"Ford Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1115-0668-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1115-0668-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Two studies evaluating the same behavioural intervention were conducted in two areas in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa using a randomized pre-test post-test control group design for study 1 (peri-urban) and a pre-test post-test design without a control group for study 2 (rural). The intervention included discussions and skills training on: (1) notions of masculinity, manhood, and responsibility, (2) personal and sexual relationships, (3) general communication skills, and (4) alcohol and other substance use. The intervention was aimed at men between 18 and 35 years of age. Measures of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intention for condom use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, reduction of alcohol and drug use, avoiding sex while intoxicated, and avoiding sex with intoxicated people were assessed using a facilitator-administered questionnaire. The results for study 1 showed that 4 of the 19 variables scored significantly different at baseline and that all 19 variables showed no significant changes between pre-test and post-test. For study 2, one significant difference was found for attitude towards avoiding sex when one is intoxicated. Overall, the intervention had minimal success with just one area of positive effect. Further development and testing of this programme is recommended before it can be considered for broader scale implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16111938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T11:59:56Z","timestamp":1559303996000},"page":"1938","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effectiveness of a Health Behavioural Intervention Aimed at Reduction of Risky Sexual Behaviours among Young Men in the KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5664-6295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thabang","family":"Manyaapelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Aspects of Public Health (SAPH) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Van den Borne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Education &amp; Health Promotion, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert A. C.","family":"Ruiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Work &amp; Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8766-7240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sibusiso","family":"Sifunda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Aspects of Public Health (SAPH) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0432-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscilla","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Aspects of Public Health (SAPH) Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa"},{"name":"Child and Family Studies, Faculty of Community and Health Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Human Sciences Research Council (2018). 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