{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T14:07:36Z","timestamp":1773929256125,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009856","name":"L. K. Whittier Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jerry Dunlevy Family Foundation","award":["N?A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N?A"]}]},{"name":"Helen Posthuma Foundation","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of \u03b2-amyloid peptides (A\u03b242) and Tau and cognitive decline are typical characteristics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Since dysregulation in lipid metabolism accompanies abnormal amyloid formation, we quantified glycerophospholipids (GP) and sphingolipids (SP) in CSF fractions from participants with late-onset AD (LOAD, n = 29) or with Other Dementia (OD, n = 10) to determine if alterations in lipid metabolism account for pathological differences. A\u03b242 and total Tau levels were determined using a sandwich ELISA. Liposomal-based fluorescent assays were used to measure phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and acid or neutral sphingomyelinase (aSMase, nSMase) activities. Supernatant fluid (SF) and nanoparticle (NP) lipids were quantified using LC-MS\/MS. Although CSF A\u03b242 and Tau levels are similar, phosphatidylserine (PS) in SF and ceramide (CM) levels in NP are significantly higher in OD compared with LOAD. The aSMase but not the nSMase activity is higher in OD. PLA2 activity in CSF from OD subjects positively correlates with several GP classes in SF and NP fractions but not in LOAD fractions. Our data indicate differences in CSF lipid metabolism between dementia variants. Higher levels of inflammatory and apoptotic lipids may induce faster neuronal death, resulting in the earlier cognitive decline in patients with OD phenotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16111995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T03:38:01Z","timestamp":1559792281000},"page":"1995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lipid Metabolism in Late-Onset Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Differs from Patients Presenting with Other Dementia Phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Syena","family":"Sarrafpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cora","family":"Ormseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"},{"name":"Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianghong","family":"Arakaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfred","family":"Fonteh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77sr1","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3002369","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The challenge of the second century","volume":"3","author":"Holtzman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. 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