{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T22:15:31Z","timestamp":1766268931562,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A simplified substitute for heart rate (HR) at the anaerobic threshold (AT), i.e., resting HR plus 30 beats per minute or a percentage of predicted maximum HR, is used as a way to determine exercise intensity without cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) data. However, difficulties arise when using this method in subacute myocardial infarction (MI) patients undergoing beta-blocker therapy. This study compared the effects of \u03b1\u03b2-blocker and \u03b21-blocker treatment to clarify how different beta blockers affect HR response during incremental exercise. MI patients were divided into \u03b1\u03b2-blocker (n = 67), \u03b21-blocker (n = 17), and no-\u03b2-blocker (n = 47) groups. All patients underwent CPX one month after MI onset. The metabolic chronotropic relationship (MCR) was calculated as an indicator of HR response from the ratio of estimated HR to measured HR at AT (MCR-AT) and peak exercise (MCR-peak). MCR-AT and MCR-peak were significantly higher in the \u03b1\u03b2-blocker group than in the \u03b21-blocker group (p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analysis revealed that \u03b21-blocker but not \u03b1\u03b2-blocker treatment significantly predicted lower MCR-AT and MCR-peak (\u03b2 = \u22120.432, p &lt; 0.001; \u03b2 = \u22120.473, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Based on these results, when using the simplified method, exercise intensity should be prescribed according to the type of beta blocker used.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T11:05:32Z","timestamp":1565262332000},"page":"2838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of \u03b1\u03b2-Blocker Versus \u03b21-Blocker Treatment on Heart Rate Response During Incremental Cardiopulmonary Exercise in Japanese Male Patients with Subacute Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shinji","family":"Nemoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama 241-0811 Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama 241-0811 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7262-8903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro P.","family":"Izawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Yoshizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Municipal Tama Hospital, Kawasaki 214-8525, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Takeichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama 241-0811, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuto","family":"Omiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Shimazu Medical Clinic, Yokohama 226-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuhiko","family":"Matsunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7670-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshihiro J.","family":"Akashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw106","article-title":"2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)","volume":"37","author":"Piepoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. 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