{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:27:12Z","timestamp":1787495232498,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The Italian Society of Environmental Medicine has performed a preliminary assessment of the health impact attributable to road freight traffic in Italy. Methods: We estimated fine particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated by road transportation of goods in Italy considering the number of trucks, the emission factors and the average annual distance covered in the year 2016. Simulations on data concerning Years of Life Lost (YLL) attributable to PM2.5 (593,700) and nitrogen oxides NO2 (200,700) provided by the European Environmental Agency (EEA) were used as a proxy of healthcare burden. We set three different healthcare burden scenarios, varying from 1\/5 to 1\/10 of the proportion of the overall particulate matter attributable to road freight traffic in Italy (about 7% on a total of 2262 tons\/year). Results: Road freight traffic in Italy produced about 189 tons of PM10, 147 tons of PM2.5 and 4125 tons of NOx in year 2016, resulting in annual healthcare costs varying from 400 million up to 1.2 billion EUR per year. Conclusion: Road freight traffic has a relevant impact on air pollution and healthcare costs, especially if considered over a 10-year period. Any solution able to significantly reduce the road transportation of goods could decrease avoidable mortality due to air pollution and related costs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T06:38:02Z","timestamp":1565591882000},"page":"2876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Air Pollution and Estimated Health Costs Related to Road Transportations of Goods in Italy: A First Healthcare Burden Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4556-6182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prisco","family":"Piscitelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA), 20149 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute (ISBEM), 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Valenzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director of the Environmental Department of Apulia Region, 72100 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA), 20149 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute (ISBEM), 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Maggiotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA), 20149 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute (ISBEM), 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Rivezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Euro Mediterranean Scientific Biomedical Institute (ISBEM), 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium"},{"name":"Translational Medicine PhD Candidate, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felice","family":"Esposito Corcione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Director of the Institute of Motors, National Research Council (IM-CNR), 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Miani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society of Environmental Medicine (SIMA), 20149 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, 20149 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization, and Occupational and Environmental Health Team (2006). 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