{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:10:19Z","timestamp":1782256219495,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Ebola epidemic in West Africa between 2014 and 2015 was the deadliest since the discovery of the virus four decades ago. With the second-largest outbreak of Ebola virus disease currently raging in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, (DRC) it is clear that lessons from the past can be quickly forgotten\u2014or be incomplete in the first instance. In this article, we seek to understand the health challenges facing marginalised people by elaborating on the multiple dimensions of marginalisation in the case of the West Africa Ebola epidemic. We trace and unpack modes of marginalisation, beginning with the \u201coutbreak narrative\u201d and its main components and go on to examine other framings, including the prioritisation of the present over the past, the positioning of \u2018Us versus Them\u2019; and the marginalisation\u2014in responses to the outbreak\u2014of traditional medicine, cultural practices and other practices around farming and hunting. Finally, we reflect on the \u2018lessons learned\u2019 framing, highlighting what is included and what is left out. In conclusion, we stress the need to acknowledge\u2014and be responsive to\u2014the ethical, normative framings of such marginalisation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16173023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T11:19:06Z","timestamp":1566386346000},"page":"3023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Marginalisation, Ebola and Health for All: From Outbreak to Lessons Learned"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Clare","family":"Shelley-Egan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Work Research Institute, Oslo Metropolitan University, PO. Box 4, St. Olavs Plass, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Dratwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Law and Science and Technology Studies (LSTS), Free University of Brussels (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1002\/jid.3112","article-title":"The Ebola Crisis and Post-2015 Development","volume":"27","author":"Leach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Int. Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s11673-015-9641-9","article-title":"Respect for Human Vulnerability: The Emergence of a New Principle in Bioethics","volume":"12","author":"Have","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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