{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:45:12Z","timestamp":1780602312186,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Terms of Conduct Adjustment (TAC-Barcarena)","award":["Procedimento 001\/2007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Procedimento 001\/2007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant of Master's Degree - PPGEVS\/IEC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant of Master's Degree - PPGEVS\/IEC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main routes of lead (Pb) absorption are through the airways and orally, and through consumption of contaminated food and beverage, with Pb mainly being absorbed in the atmospheric particulate form. In 2012, a cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the Pb environmental exposure in two Amazonian districts, Dom Manuel (DMN) and Laranjal (CLA), located in Barcarena City, northern Brazil. CLA is located outside the industrial area of Barcarena (control population), whereas DMN is an old community located in the vicinity of industrial activities. A significant number of residents in these districts participated in an epidemiological inquiry and blood sampling. Total Pb blood levels were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean Pb blood level in people that live in DMN was 281.60 (98.73\u2013570.80) \u03bcg\u00b7L\u22121, approximately nine times higher than the level found in CLA (32.77 \u03bcg\u00b7L\u22121). In these districts, the Pb blood levels showed statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) based on gender, schooling, residence time, and smoking. This is the first evidence of industrial environmental pollutant exposure in the Amazon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16173047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T10:15:07Z","timestamp":1566555307000},"page":"3047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Human Blood Lead Levels and the First Evidence of Environmental Exposure to Industrial Pollutants in the Amazon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6792-5986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00eds Karolina Lisboa de","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia e Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (PPGEVS), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Meio Ambiente (SAMAM), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karytta Sousa","family":"Naka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Meio Ambiente (SAMAM), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena de C\u00e1ssia dos Santos","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Meio Ambiente (SAMAM), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda Natasha Souza","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ecologia Aqu\u00e1tica e Pesca (PPGEAP), Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Belem 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iracina Maura de","family":"Jesus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Meio Ambiente (SAMAM), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6596-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volney de Magalh\u00e3es","family":"C\u00e2mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Coletiva (PPGSC), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo de Oliveira","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia e Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (PPGEVS), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Meio Ambiente (SAMAM), Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), Ananindeua 67030-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.09.047","article-title":"Estimation of daily intake of potentially toxic elements from urban street dust and the role of oral bioaccessibility testing","volume":"86","author":"Okorie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-750X(90)90025-S","article-title":"Smokestacks in the rainforest: Industrial development and deforestation in the Amazon basin","volume":"18","author":"Anderson","year":"1990","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"769","article-title":"The Worldwide Problem of Lead in Petrol","volume":"80","author":"Landrigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bull. 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