{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:48:05Z","timestamp":1790934485304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006046","name":"Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-EFBLTW"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-EFBLTW"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006046","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper reports on the first phase of an ambitious program of research that seeks to both understand the risk of homelessness amongst persons with a disability in Australia and shed light on the impact of a significant policy reform\u2014the introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS)\u2014in changing the level of homelessness risk. This first paper, reports on the level of homelessness risk for persons with a disability prior to the introduction of the NDIS, with a subsequent paper providing updated data and analysis for the period post the implementation of the NDIS. In one sense, this paper provides the \u2018base\u2019 condition prior to the introduction of the NDIS but also serves a far broader role in advancing our understanding of how disability and chronic ill-health affects the risk of homelessness. Our research finds that in the period prior to the introduction of the NDIS, a large proportion of people with disabilities were at risk of homelessness, but those whose disabilities affected their schooling or employment were at the greatest risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16224304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T02:48:31Z","timestamp":1573094911000},"page":"4304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Relative Risk of Homelessness among Persons with a Disability: New Methods and Policy Insights"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9255-3985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Beer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Australia Business School, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9390-0491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Lester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9549-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyrian","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (2016). Disability, Ageing and Carers, Australia: Summary of Findings, 2015, cat. No. 4430.0."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Beer, A., and Faulkner, D. (2009). The Housing Careers of People with a Disability and Carers of People with a Disability, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Limited. AHURI Research Paper."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Productivity Commission (2017). National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) Costs: Productivity Commission Study Report."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Kroehn, M., Hutson, K., Faulkner, D., and Beer, A. (2008). The Housing Careers of Persons with a Disability and Family Members with Care Responsibilities for Persons with a Disability, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Limited. 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Equity Health"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2014.08.008","article-title":"Intersections between disability, type of impairment, gender and socio-economic disadvantage in a nationally representative sample of 33,101 working-aged Australians","volume":"8","author":"Kavanagh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Disabil. Health J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grant, E., Zillante, G., Tually, S., Chong, A., Srivastava, A., Lester, L., Beilby, J., and Beer, A. (2016). Housing and Indigenous People Living with a Disability: Lived Experiences of Housing and Community Infrastructure, Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Limited. AHURI Positioning Paper No. 168.","DOI":"10.18408\/ahuri-3103001"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Tually, S., Beer, A., and McLoughlin, P. (2011). 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Proceedings of the 6th Australasian Housing Researchers\u2019 Conference, Adelaide, Australia."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/16\/22\/4304\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:32:09Z","timestamp":1760189529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/16\/22\/4304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph16224304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16224304","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]}}}