{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T17:16:06Z","timestamp":1783530966272,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015829","name":"Ministry of Health in Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["362\/HE\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["362\/HE\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study estimated the levels of involvement in e-gambling and problem e-gambling in Poland and identified selected sociodemographic variables associated with e-gambling activities. The study was conducted using a representative sample of the adult inhabitants of Poland (n = 2000). The survey contained questions measuring three aspects of gambling (involvement in e-gambling, types of e-gambling activity, and problematic e-gambling). Results suggested that 4.1% of respondents were involved in e-gambling and 26.8% of them could be classified as problem gamblers. The most popular e-gambling games were lotteries and sports betting. Gender, age, size of city of residence, level of education, and income were identified as significant predictors of involvement in e-gambling. The results indicated that men, younger people, and people who earnt less were more often involved in e-gambling. Having children, playing online scratch cards, and online sport betting\u2014but not online lotteries\u2014turned out to be typical for problem online gamblers. The prevalence of problem gambling among Polish e-gamblers suggests that extended research in this area is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17020404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T03:07:11Z","timestamp":1578539231000},"page":"404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Prevalence of E-Gambling and of Problem E-Gambling in Poland"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7844-3667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernadeta","family":"Lelonek-Kuleta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0433-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafa\u0142 P.","family":"Bartczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3831-9928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Wiechetek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Chwaszcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Niewiadomska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Structures des loteries et comportements des joueurs. 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