{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:48:17Z","timestamp":1784594897050,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Personal air formaldehyde (air-FA) was measured as risk factor of airways inflammation and oxidative stress (SO) induction. Overall, 154 police officers were enrolled from two differently urbanised Italian cities, Turin and Pavia. Urinary F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP), a prostaglandin-like compound, was quantified as a biomarker of general OS in vivo and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured for monitoring local inflammatory processes. Urinary cotinine was quantified as a biomarker of tobacco smoking exposure. Traffic police officers living in Turin showed an increased level of log air-FA (p &lt; 0.001), equal to +53.6% (p &lt; 0.001). Log air-(FA) mean values were 3.38 (C.I. 95% 3.33\u20133.43) and 2.84 (C.I. 95% 2.77\u20132.92) in Turin and Pavia, respectively. Log (air-FA) was higher in \u201coutdoor workers\u201d (3.18, C.I. 95% 3.13\u20133.24, p = 0.035) compared to \u201cindoor workers\u201d, showing an increase of +9.3%, even controlling for sex and city. The analyses on 15-F2t-IsoP and FeNO, both adjusted for log air-FA, highlighted that OS and inflammation were higher (+66.8%, p &lt; 0.001 and +75%, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) in Turin traffic police officers compared to those from Pavia. Our findings suggest that even low exposures to traffic-related emissions and urbanisation may influence both general oxidative stress levels and local inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T10:46:08Z","timestamp":1583318768000},"page":"1655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Formaldehyde, Oxidative Stress, and FeNO in Traffic Police Officers Working in Two Cities of Northern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0655-7550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Squillacioti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10121 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Bellisario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10121 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4442-8522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia","family":"Grosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Diseases, S. Matteo Foundation\u2013University of Pavia, 5001 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Ghelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10121 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavilio","family":"Piccioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Respiratory Medicine, National Health Service, ASL TO2, 10121 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Grignani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maugeri Scientific Clinical Institutes, 5001 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8716-4694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Corsico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Respiratory Diseases, S. Matteo Foundation\u2013University of Pavia, 5001 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2471-6594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10121 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00000714","article-title":"Volatile organic compounds and risk of asthma and allergy: A systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Nurmatov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. 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