{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T20:24:52Z","timestamp":1779395092788,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Porphyromonas gingivalis is regarded as a \u201ckeystone pathogen\u201d in periodontitis. The fimbria assists in the initial attachment, biofilm organization, and bacterial adhesion leading to the invasion and colonization of host epithelial cells. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of fimA genotypes in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals in the Indian population, and to study their association with the number of P. gingivalis cells obtained in subgingival plaque samples of these subjects. The study comprised 95 samples from the chronic periodontitis (CP) group and 35 samples from the healthy (H) group, which were detected positive for P. gingivalis in our previous study. Fimbrial genotyping was done by PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The fimA type II was more prevalent in the CP group (55.89%), followed by type IV (30.52%), whereas in the H group, type I was the most prevalent fimbria (51.42%). The quantity of P. gingivalis cells increased with the presence of fimA types II and III. Our results suggest a strong relationship between fimA types II and IV and periodontitis, and between type I and the healthy condition. The colonization of organisms was increased with the occurrence of type II in deep periodontal sites, which could play an important role in the progression of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17061826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T04:13:57Z","timestamp":1583986437000},"page":"1826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Variation in the Occurrence of fimA Genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Periodontal Health and Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6315-4531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manohar","family":"Kugaji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal\u2019s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences &amp; Research Centre, Bauxite Road, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3463-1989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uday","family":"Muddapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"B.V. Bhoomaraddi College of Engineering and Technology, KLE Technological University, Vidya Nagar, Hubballi, Karnataka 580031, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kishore","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal\u2019s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences &amp; Research Centre, Bauxite Road, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6215-4636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinayak","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 4312, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6727-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manjunath","family":"Manubolu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 4312, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9417-9889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kavitha","family":"Pathakoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1984-6538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malleswara Rao","family":"Peram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal\u2019s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences &amp; Research Centre, Bauxite Road, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay","family":"Kumbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Maratha Mandal\u2019s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences &amp; Research Centre, Bauxite Road, Belagavi, Karnataka 590010, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512453589","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis as a potential community activist for disease","volume":"91","author":"Darveau","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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