{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:07:33Z","timestamp":1791986853389,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis is a rare and heterogeneous pathological condition that has different causes, generally resulting as a complication of a pharyngeal surgery, especially in patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Different approaches have been proposed for the treatment of nasopharyngeal stenosis but a unique and standardized management has not yet been presented. The aim of our paper is to evaluate the efficacy of our surgical technique, describing its steps and results with the aim to consider it as a possible solution for the treatment of this condition. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Eight patients (mean age 27.25 years old (yo), range 8\u201367 yo; Male\/Female ratio 4\/4; mean body mass index (BMI) 26.1) affected by OSA (mean apnea hypopnea index (AHI) before OSA surgery was 22.1) and acquired nasopharyngeal stenosis as a consequence of different pharyngeal surgeries were treated with our modified approach in the Department of Otolaryngology, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forl\u00ec, Italy. Resolution of stenosis and complication rate were the main outcome measures. Results: Complete resolution of the stenosis was achieved in all cases and no complications were recorded at three weeks, six months, and 2 years follow-up. Conclusions: Our technique appears to be a promising method for the management of nasopharyngeal stenosis in OSA patients. However, further studies comparing different techniques and reporting on larger series and longer follow up time are needed to prove the efficacy of the proposed technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17062048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T07:29:07Z","timestamp":1584689347000},"page":"2048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Acquired Nasopharyngeal Stenosis Correction Using a Modified Palatal Flaps Technique in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1618-0048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cammaroto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi Marco","family":"Stringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7031-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Cerritelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Meccariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Gobbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1781-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giannicola","family":"Iannella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"},{"name":"Department of \u2018Organi di Senso\u2019, University \u201cSapienza\u201d, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Magliulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of \u2018Organi di Senso\u2019, University \u201cSapienza\u201d, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3744-736X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel road, E11BB London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2973-9437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Yassin","family":"Baghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22206, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Galletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Pelucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Stomeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muawya Bani","family":"Younes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sara Speciality Hospital, Amman 11118, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"AlAjmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, AL Nahdha Hospital, Muscat 111, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9802-7716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Vicini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head and Neck Department, ENT &amp; Oral Surgery Unit, G.B. Morgagni, L. Pierantoni Hospital, 47100 Forl\u00ec, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngolgy, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196803000-00008","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal stenosis","volume":"78","author":"Lehmann","year":"1968","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"329","article-title":"Atresia of the pharynx operated upon by the MacKenty method","volume":"53","author":"Imperatori","year":"1944","journal-title":"Arch. Otol. Rhinol. 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Ital."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/17\/6\/2048\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:09:50Z","timestamp":1760173790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/17\/6\/2048"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph17062048"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17062048","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]]}}}