{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:07:06Z","timestamp":1783130826071,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deficiencies in iron and vitamin D are frequently observed in athletes. Therefore, we examined whether different baseline vitamin D3 levels have any impact on post-exercise serum hepcidin, IL-6 and iron responses in ultra-marathon runners. In this randomized control trial, the subjects (20 male, amateur runners, mean age 40.75 \u00b1 7.15 years) were divided into two groups: experimental (VD) and control (CON). The VD group received vitamin D3 (10,000 UI\/day) and the CON group received a placebo for two weeks before the run. Venous blood samples were collected on three occasions\u2014before the run, after the 100 km ultra-marathon and 12 h after the run\u2014to measure iron metabolism indicators, hepcidin, and IL-6 concentration. After two weeks of supplementation, the intervention group demonstrated a higher level of serum 25(OH)D than the CON group (27.82 \u00b1 5.8 ng\/mL vs. 20.41 \u00b1 4.67 ng\/mL; p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences between the groups before and after the run in the circulating hepcidin and IL-6 levels. The decrease in iron concentration immediately after the 100-km ultra-marathon was smaller in the VD group than CON (p &lt; 0.05). These data show that various vitamin D3 status can affect the post-exercise metabolism of serum iron.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17082962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T11:42:14Z","timestamp":1587728534000},"page":"2962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Hepcidin, Iron, and IL-6 Responses after a 100 km Ultra-Marathon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2214-0632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kasprowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Ratkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Athletics, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7988-8708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Wo\u0142yniec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"Kaczmarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-11 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Witek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Sport, National Research Institute, 01-982 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5570-9573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"\u017bmijewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcin","family":"Renke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational, Metabolic and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Gdansk, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2006-125X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Jastrz\u0119bski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6436-6306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Rosemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8030-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pantelis T.","family":"Nikolaidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Physiology Laboratory, 18450 Nikaia, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2412-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beat","family":"Knechtle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12026","article-title":"Iron metabolism in athletes\u2014Achieving a gold standard","volume":"90","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. 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