{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:59:26Z","timestamp":1790510366699,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010067","name":"Gobierno de Arag\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B01_20R and PI20\/226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B01_20R and PI20\/226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010067","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CM19\/00164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CM19\/00164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to analyze baseline socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with an increased likelihood of mortality in men and women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We conducted a retrospective cohort study (PRECOVID Study) on all 4412 individuals with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Aragon, Spain, and followed them for at least 30 days from cohort entry. We described the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of all patients of the cohort. Age-adjusted logistic regressions models were performed to analyze the likelihood of mortality based on demographic and clinical variables. All analyses were stratified by sex. Old age, specific diseases such as diabetes, acute myocardial infarction, or congestive heart failure, and dispensation of drugs like vasodilators, antipsychotics, and potassium-sparing agents were associated with an increased likelihood of mortality. Our findings suggest that specific comorbidities, mainly of cardiovascular nature, and medications at the time of infection could explain around one quarter of the mortality in COVID-19 disease, and that women and men probably share similar but not identical risk factors. Nonetheless, the great part of mortality seems to be explained by other patient- and\/or health-system-related factors. More research is needed in this field to provide the necessary evidence for the development of early identification strategies for patients at higher risk of adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17145171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T10:22:02Z","timestamp":1594981322000},"page":"5171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Baseline Chronic Comorbidity and Mortality in Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Cases: Results from the PRECOVID Study in Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5119-5093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Poblador-Plou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6268-8803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon\u00e1s","family":"Carmona-P\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Delicias-Sur Primary Care Health Centre, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6518-749X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignatios","family":"Ioakeim-Skoufa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Poncel-Falc\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50017 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Bliek-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Teaching Unit of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mabel","family":"Cano-del Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"General Directorate of Health Care, Department of Health, Government of Aragon, 50017 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2928-6623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Gimeno-Feli\u00fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"San Pablo Primary Care Health Centre, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), University of Zaragoza, 50003 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Delicias-Sur Primary Care Health Centre, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Aza-Pascual-Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Primary Care Pharmacy Service Zaragoza III, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50017 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Bandr\u00e9s-Liso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50017 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-2171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"D\u00edez-Manglano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Service of Internal Medicine, Royo Villanova Hospital, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50015 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3574-3034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Marta-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Service of Neurology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3357-5655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Mucherino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5440-1710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Gimeno-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5704-6056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Prados-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Arag\u00f3n, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), ISCIII, 28222 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"EpiChron Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001316","article-title":"Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus\u2014Infected Pneumonia","volume":"382","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. 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