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In this context, our study lays the foundations for the use of a urine test in a team of twelve male basketball players as a means of monitoring numerous biochemical parameters, including pH, specific weight, color, appearance, presence of bacterial cells, presence of squamous cells, leukocytes, erythrocytes, proteins, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, hemoglobin, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase, to prevent and\/or treat the onset of pathologies, prescribe personalized treatments for each athlete, and monitor the athletes\u2019 health status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T09:35:31Z","timestamp":1597916131000},"page":"6065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Urinary Biomarkers: Diagnostic Tools for Monitoring Athletes\u2019 Health Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Raffaela","family":"Pero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. 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