{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:40:44Z","timestamp":1787319644282,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: A national database of work-related injuries has been established in Italy since 2002, collecting information on the injured person, his\/her work tasks, the workplace and the risk factors contributing to incident dynamics, according to a model called Infor.Mo. Methods: A descriptive study of occupational fatal injuries, excluding work-related fatal traffic injuries, that occurred in Italy from 2002 to 2016 (15 years) was performed. Results: Among 4874 victims involved, all were males, mainly &gt;51 years of age (43.2%), predominantly self-employed (27.8%) or workers with non-standard contracts (25%). About 18.4% and 17.3% of fatal events occurred in micro-enterprises belonging to, respectively, construction and agriculture. A wide range of nationalities (59 countries in addition to Italy) was identified. Overall, 18.9% of work-related fatal injuries were due to some form of hazardous energy\u2014mechanical, thermal, electrical or chemical\u2014that was normally present in the workplace. Workers\u2019 falls from height (33.5%), heavy loads falling on workers from height (16.7%) and vehicles exiting their route and overturning (15.9%) were the events causing the greatest proportion of occupational fatal injuries in the present study (from 2002 to 2016) and in the initial pilot phase, focused on years 2002\u20132004, with a similar distribution of fatal events between the two time periods. The activity of the injured person made up 43.3% of 9386 risk factors identified in 4874 fatalities. Less common risk factors were related to work equipment (20.2%), work environment (14.9%), third\u2013party activity (9.8%), personal protective equipment\/clothing (8.0%) and materials (3.7%). The activity of the injured person remained the most relevant contributing factor even when the incident was caused by two or more risk factors. Discussion: Occupational fatal injuries occurred mainly in small size firms (up to nine employees) in hazardous workplaces. Small companies, which account for 68% (2888\/4249) of all firms in the present study, generally have fewer resources to remain current with the continuously evolving health and safety at work regulations; moreover, these firms tend to be less compliant with health and safety at work regulations since they are less likely to be inspected by occupational vigilance services. Perspectives: An approach being introduced in Italy relies on the use of economic incentives to promote safe and healthy workplaces. The comparison of pre-intervention and post-intervention rates of work-related injuries by means of interrupted time series analyses could detect whether the intervention will have an effect significantly greater than the underlying secular trend.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T09:28:23Z","timestamp":1603186103000},"page":"7631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Italian National Surveillance System for Occupational Injuries: Conceptual Framework and Fatal Outcomes, 2002\u20132016"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Campo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Occupational &amp; Environmental Hygiene, National Institute for the Insurance of Work Related Injuries (INAIL), 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6285-7355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Cegolon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N.2 \u201cMarca Trevigiana\u201d, 31100 Treviso, Italy"},{"name":"Institute for Maternal &amp; Child Health, IRCCS \u201cBurlo Garofolo\u201d, 34137 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"De Merich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Occupational &amp; Environmental Hygiene, National Institute for the Insurance of Work Related Injuries (INAIL), 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9939-3398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ugo","family":"Fedeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Zero, Epidemiological Service, 35100 Padua, Veneto Region, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Pellicci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Occupational &amp; Environmental Hygiene, National Institute for the Insurance of Work Related Injuries (INAIL), 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Heymann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Department of Health, Sarasota County Health Department, Sarasota, FL 34237, USA"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Florida, College of Medicine, State University, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Pavanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences &amp; Public Health, Padua University, 35128 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Guglielmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Occupational &amp; Environmental Hygiene, National Institute for the Insurance of Work Related Injuries (INAIL), 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Mastrangelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences &amp; Public Health, Padua University, 35128 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, July 30). 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