{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T18:14:06Z","timestamp":1770574446450,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107-2314-B-039-065-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2314-B-039-065-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012544","name":"China Medical University, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMU107-Z-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU107-Z-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012544","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Here we aimed to assess the mortality risk and distribution of deaths from different complications and etiologies for non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis (NALC) adult inpatients and compare them with that of the general hospitalized adult population. Hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis of NALC and aged between 30 and 80 years of age from 1999 to 2010 were identified using a population-based administrative claims database in Taiwan. They were matched with a general, non-NALC population of hospitalized patients. Causes of death considered were variceal hemorrhage, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, jaundice, and hepatorenal syndrome. A total of 109,128 NALC inpatients were included and then matched with 109,128 inpatients without NALC. Overall mortality rates were 21.2 (95% CI: 21.0\u201321.4) and 6.27 (95% CI: 6.17\u20136.37) per 100 person-years, respectively. Among complications that caused death in NALC patients, variceal hemorrhage was the most common (23.7%, 11.9 per 100 person-years), followed by ascites (20.9%, 10.4 per 100 person-years) and encephalopathy (18.4%, 9.21 per 100 person-years). Among all etiologies, mortality rates were highest for NALC patients with HBV infection (43.7%, 21.8 per 100 person-years), followed by HBV-HCV coinfection (41.8%, 20.9 per 100 person-years), HCV infection (41.2%, 20.6 per 100 person-years), and NAFLD (35.9%, 17.9 per 100 person-years). In this study, we demonstrated that mortality risks in NALC patients may differ with their etiology and their subsequent complications. Patients\u2019 care plans, thus, should be formulated accordingly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T14:28:53Z","timestamp":1610461733000},"page":"606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mortality Risk and Decompensation in Hospitalized Patients with Non-Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis: Implications for Disease Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ming-Shun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8608-7156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kung-Chuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng-Lun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Huai","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9635-0897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivian Chia-Rong","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world","volume":"70","author":"Asrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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