{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:14:34Z","timestamp":1784758474141,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Coinfection of malaria and intestinal helminths affects one third of the global population, largely among communities with severe poverty. The spread of these parasitic infections overlays in several epidemiological locations and the host shows different outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis determine the pooled prevalence of malaria and intestinal helminthiases coinfections among malaria suspected patients in Ethiopia. Methods: Primary studies published in English language were retrieved using appropriate search terms on Google Scholar, PubMed\/MEDLINE, CINHAL, Scopus, and Embase. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. A pooled statistical meta-analysis was conducted using STATA Version 14.0 software. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger\u2019s test, respectively. Duval and Tweedie\u2019s nonparametric trim and fill analysis using the random-effect analysis. The Random effects model was used to estimate the summary prevalence of comorbidity of malaria and soil transmitted helminthiases and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The review protocol has registered in PROSPERO number CRD42019144803. Results: We identified ten studies (n = 6633 participants) in this study. The overall pooled result showed 13% of the ambulatory patients infected by malaria and intestinal helminths concurrently in Ethiopia. The pooled prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, and mixed infections were 12, 30, and 6%, respectively. The most common intestinal helminth parasites detected were Hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Tirchuris trichiura. Conclusions: The comorbidity of malaria and intestinal helminths causes lower hemoglobin level leading to maternal anemia, preterm delivery, and still birth in pregnant women and lactating mother. School-aged children and neonates coinfected by plasmodium species and soil transmitted helminths develop cognitive impairment, protein energy malnutrition, low birth weight, small for gestational age, and gross motor delay. The Ministry of Health of Ethiopia and its international partners working on malaria elimination programs should give more emphasis to the effect of the interface of malaria and soil transmitted helminths, which calls for an integrated disease control and prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18030862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T12:16:18Z","timestamp":1611144978000},"page":"862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comorbidity of Geo-Helminthes among Malaria Outpatients of the Health Facilities in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5081-1480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minyahil Tadesse","family":"Boltena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa 1005, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad","family":"El-Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"World Health Programme, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec en Abitibi-T\u00e9miscamingue (UQAT), Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9X5E4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2551-502X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abraham","family":"Sahlemichael Kebede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN1 9PH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7308-1698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedict Oppong","family":"Asamoah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andualem","family":"Tadesse Boltena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Medicine and Global Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7672-9637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melese","family":"Yeshambaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa 1005, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8370-2571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mulatu","family":"Biru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa 1005, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.10.002","article-title":"Soil-transmitted helminth infections: Updating the global picture","volume":"19","author":"Brooker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-015-0078-5","article-title":"Coinfection with malaria and intestinal parasites, and its association with anaemia in children in Cameroon","volume":"4","author":"Njunda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. 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