{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T06:36:26Z","timestamp":1769150186631,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI16\/00691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/00691"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: the nonmedical use of prescribed medications among adolescents has increased significantly in recent years. We aimed to identify the patterns of benzodiazepine nonmedical use and its evolution during the decade 2006\u20132016 among immigrant and native-born adolescent populations. Methods: we used individualized secondary data retrieved from the 2006\u20132016 Spanish State Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education (ESTUDES) of the school-aged population. Using logistic multivariate regression models, we estimated the independent effect of each of these variables on nonmedical use. Two models were generated: one for immigrant adolescents and one for native-born adolescents. Results: during the decade 2006\u20132016, 2.81% of native-born and 3.36% of immigrant adolescent students made nonmedical use of benzodiazepines. Gender and socioeconomic status were found to be related to the nonmedical use of benzodiazepines. Consumption of illegal psychoactive substances, other than marijuana, was the variable of greatest value (aOR = 6.00, 95% CI 3.89\u20139.27). Perceived risks and drug availability were found to be predictors for the nonmedical use of benzodiazepines in both immigrant and native-born adolescents. Conclusion: in Spain, patterns of benzodiazepine nonmedical use among immigrant and native-born adolescents are similar. The results of this study refute certain stereotypes related to consumption of substances among immigrant adolescents, identifying them as a risk group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T22:02:01Z","timestamp":1611871321000},"page":"1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nonmedical Use of Benzodiazepines among Immigrant and Native-Born Adolescents in Spain: National Trends and Related Factors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3000-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Carrasco-Garrido","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av., Atenas s\/n, Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dania Roc\u00edo","family":"D\u00edaz Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario del Henares, Av. de Marie Curie s\/n, Coslada, 28822 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9394-6799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av., Atenas s\/n, Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valent\u00edn","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av., Atenas s\/n, Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lidiane","family":"Lima Florencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av., Atenas s\/n, Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0669-6339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domingo","family":"Palacios-Ce\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av., Atenas s\/n, Alcorc\u00f3n, 28922 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.017","article-title":"Prescription drug use, misuse and related substance use disorder symptoms vary by educational status and attainment in U.S. adolescents and young adults","volume":"189","author":"Schepis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Johnston, L.D., Miech, R.A., O\u2019Malley, P.M., Bachman, J.G., Schulenberg, J.E., and Patrick, M.E. 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