{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T13:50:12Z","timestamp":1769262612812,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Active tobacco exposure during pregnancy is a known determinant of fetal growth. Nitrates and atrazine metabolites in drinking water may affect fetal growth as a mixture of endocrine disruptors (ED). We aimed to determine whether EDC have an additional effect on fetal growth compared to active tobacco exposure. A historic cohort study was carried out with a sample stratified with regard to the maternity unit, drinking water exposure, and year of birth. The women included were living in Deux-S\u00e8vres, had given birth between 2005 and 2010 in three selected maternity units, and ultrasound data were available in their obstetrical records. Mixed linear models were used to analyze fetal weight evolution from the second trimester to the time of birth according to drinking water exposure to EDC mixture and active tobacco exposure. We included 558 mother-neonate couples, of whom 9% were exposed to high doses of the mixture and 21% to active tobacco smoking. There was no difference in fetal weight evolution according to drinking water mixture exposure (0.97 g; 95% CI [\u22123.01; 4.94]). We could not show a supplementary effect of mixture exposure in drinking-water on fetal growth as compared to active tobacco exposure. Further research is needed, using more precise methods to estimate EDC exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18042200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T12:40:16Z","timestamp":1614084016000},"page":"2200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of the Effect on Fetal Growth of a Mixture of Atrazine and Nitrates in Drinking Water and of Active Tobacco Exposure during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8470-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Carles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM UMR 1219, Equipe EPICENE, F33000 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, Service Sant\u00e9 Travail Environnement, F33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Albouy-Llaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Poitiers, Department of Public Health, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"INSERM CIC 1402, CHU Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy of Poitiers, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, F-86073 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2471-5679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Dupuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM CIC 1402, CHU Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy of Poitiers, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, F-86073 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"CHU Poitiers, Department of Pharmacy, F-86021 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Rabouan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM CIC 1402, CHU Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy of Poitiers, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, F-86073 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginie","family":"Migeot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Poitiers, Department of Public Health, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"INSERM CIC 1402, CHU Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Pharmacy of Poitiers, Universit\u00e9 de Poitiers, F-86073 Poitiers, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"The Developmental Origins of Chronic Adult Disease","volume":"93","author":"Barker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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