{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T10:52:16Z","timestamp":1784371936605,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases; US CDC Atlanta","award":["Combating Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria (CARB)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Combating Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria (CARB)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The reliability of disease surveillance may be restricted by sensitivity or ability to capture all disease. Objective: To quantify under-reporting and concordance of recording persons with tuberculosis (TB) in national TB surveillance systems: the Infectious Disease Reporting System (IDRS) and Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBIMS). (2) Methods: This retrospective review includes 4698 patients identified in 2016 in China. County staff linked TB patients identified from facility-specific health and laboratory information systems with records in IDRS and TBIMS. Under-reporting was calculated, and timeliness, concordance, accuracy, and completeness were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with under-reporting. (3) Results: We found that 505 (10.7%) patients were missing within IDRS and 1451 (30.9%) patients were missing within TBIMS. Of 171 patient records reviewed in IDRS and 170 patient records in TBIMS, 12.3% and 6.5% were found to be untimely, and 10.7% and 7.1% were found to have an inconsistent home address. The risk of under-reporting to both IDRS and TBIMS was greatest at tertiary health facilities and among non-residents; the risk of under-reporting to TBIMS was greatest with patients aged 65 or older and with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). (4) Conclusions: It is important to improve the reporting and recording of TB patients. Local TB programs that focus on training, and mentoring high-burden hospitals, facilities that cater to EPTB, and migrant patients may improve reporting and recording.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T21:16:53Z","timestamp":1614287813000},"page":"2264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessing the Quality of Reporting to China\u2019s National TB Surveillance Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3176-018X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for TB Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for TB Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Smith-Jeffcoat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Office, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100600, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for TB Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for TB Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for TB Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2015-206680","article-title":"TB-HIV co-infection in the Netherlands: Estimating prevalence and under-reporting in national registration databases using a capture-recapture analysis","volume":"70","author":"Evenblij","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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