{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:11:05Z","timestamp":1760163065577,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explored the effects of age and body fat content on responses to whole body cryotherapy (WBC) following a downhill running bout. Forty-one male participants (mean \u00b1 SD age 42.0 \u00b1 13.7 years, body mass 75.2 \u00b1 10.8 kg) were allocated into WBC (n = 26) and control (CON, n = 15) groups. WBC participants were divided into old (OLD, \u226545 years, n = 10) and young (YNG, &lt;40 years, n = 13), as well as high fat (HFAT, \u226520%, n = 10) and low fat (LFAT \u2264 15%, n = 8) groups. Participants completed a 30 min downhill run (15% gradient) at 60% VO2 max. The WBC group underwent cryotherapy (3 min, \u2212120 \u00b0C) 1 h post-run and CON participants passively recovered in a controlled environment (20 \u00b0C). Maximal isometric leg muscle torque was assessed pre and 24 h post-run. Blood creatine kinase (CK) and muscle soreness were assessed pre, post, one hour and 24 h post-run. Muscle torque significantly decreased in both groups post-downhill run (WBC: 220.6 \u00b1 61.4 Nm vs. 208.3 \u00b1 67.6 Nm, p = 0.02; CON: 239.7 \u00b1 51.1 Nm vs. 212.1 \u00b1 46.3 Nm, p = 0.00). The mean decrease in WBC was significantly less than in CON (p = 0.04). Soreness and CK increased 24 h post for WBC and CON (p &lt; 0.01) with no difference between groups. Muscle torque significantly decreased in OLD participants (p = 0.04) but not in YNG (p = 0.55). There were no differences between HFAT and LFAT (all p values &gt; 0.05). WBC may attenuate muscle damage and benefit muscle strength recovery following eccentrically biased exercises, particularly for young males.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18062906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T11:56:55Z","timestamp":1615550215000},"page":"2906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Effects of Age and Body Fat Content on Post-Downhill Run Recovery Following Whole Body Cryotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Adnan","family":"Haq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Studies, Moulton College, West Street, Moulton NN3 7RR, UK"},{"name":"Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northampton Waterside Campus, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Ribbans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northampton Waterside Campus, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony W.","family":"Baross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northampton Waterside Campus, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lubkowska, A. 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