{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:52:26Z","timestamp":1760233946823,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the kinematic characteristics of the upper limb segments during the archery shooting of Paralympic Wheelchair Class archers (ARW2\u2014second wheelchair class\u2014paraplegia or comparable disability) and Paralympic Standing Class archers (ARST\u2014standing archery class\u2014loss of 25 points in the upper limbs or lower limbs), where archers are classified according to their disability grade among elite disabled archers. The participants of this study were selected as seven elite athletes with disabilities by the ARW2 (n = 4) and ARST (n = 3). The analysis variables were (1) the time required for each phase, (2) the angle of inclination of the body center, (3) the change of trajectory of body center, and (4) the change of the movement trajectory of the bow center by phase when performing six shots in total. The ARW2 group (drawing phase; M = 2.228 s, p &lt; 0.05, holding phase; M = 4.414 s, p &lt; 0.05) showed a longer time than the ARST group (drawing phase; M = 0.985 s, holding phase; M = 3.042 s), and the angle of the body did not show a significant difference between the two groups. Additionally, in the direction of the anteroposterior axis in the drawing phase, the change in the movement trajectory of the body center showed a more significant amount of change in the ARW2 group than in the ARST group, and the change in the movement trajectory of the bow center did not show a significant difference between the two groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18062962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T22:13:10Z","timestamp":1615759990000},"page":"2962","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Feasibility Study of Kinematic Characteristics on the Upper Body According to the Shooting of Elite Disabled Archery Athletes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2915-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Whan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Physical Education, YongIn University, Yongin-si 17092, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seoung-Ki","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Education, YongIn University, Yongin-si 17092, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu-Yeon","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sports, Shanghai 200438, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1166-864X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Hyup","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Sport Science in Jeju, Jeju 63819, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Gwan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Sports, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Marine Design Convergence Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"817","article-title":"Analysis of ground reaction force set up to shooting position for improve performance archers","volume":"15","author":"Ha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Korean J. 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Sport Biomech."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.5103\/KJSB.2008.18.2.065","article-title":"The effect of balance exercise on postural control and shooting record in archers","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Korean J. Sport Biomech."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/6\/2962\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:35:26Z","timestamp":1760160926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/6\/2962"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph18062962"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18062962","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1660-4601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]}}}