{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:49:26Z","timestamp":1785865766106,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Treatment Satisfaction with Medicines Questionnaire (SATMED-Q) in persons with arterial hypertension undergoing pharmacological treatment, along with its convergent validity with degree of control of blood pressure levels, therapeutic adherence, and tolerability of antihypertensive drugs. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 484 persons. Treatment satisfaction was evaluated with the SATMED-Q, an instrument consisting of 17 items with six dimensions. Other variables were blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, adverse effects, therapeutic adherence, and participants\u2019 characteristics. Results: Cronbach\u2019s alpha was 0.916. Factor analysis revealed six factors that could account for 89.97% of total variance. The test\u2013retest reliability analysis yielded an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.910 (95% CI = 0.806\u20130.959). In a possible range of 0 through 100 points, participant satisfaction with treatment ranged from 38.2 to 100 (mean 79.9 (SD = 12.9; 95% CI = 78.8\u201381.0); median 80.9). SATMED-Q scores were higher among persons who reported experiencing no adverse effects (82.5 \u00b1 11.6 SD vs. 68.7 \u00b1 11.9 SD; p &lt; 0.001). Satisfaction levels were significantly lower among subjects not complying with the treatment (73.2 \u00b1 12.9 vs. 82.1 \u00b1 12.1; p &lt; 0.001), and significantly higher among those presenting with controlled blood pressure levels (82.1 \u00b1 12.1 SD vs. 77.5 \u00b1 13.3 SD; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The SATMED-Q showed high internal consistency and good stability in the reliability analysis. It is an appropriate instrument for evaluating satisfaction with antihypertensive treatment, both in routine clinical practice and in community pharmacy or clinical research settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18063212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T11:18:38Z","timestamp":1616152718000},"page":"3212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Reliability and Validity of the Treatment Satisfaction with Medicines Questionnaire (SATMED-Q) in Persons with Arterial Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4499-505X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"L\u00f3pez-Torres L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Pharmacy, 02005 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6649-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseba","family":"Rabanales-Sotos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Albacete Nursing Faculty, University of Castile-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Rosa","family":"L\u00f3pez-Torres Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Castile-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Mili\u00e1n Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Pharmacy, 02005 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"L\u00f3pez Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Pharmacy, 02005 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0153-2079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Bl\u00e1zquez Abell\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Albacete Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Castile-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv40","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.034322","article-title":"Patient assessment of treatment satisfaction: Methods and practical issues","volume":"53","author":"Revicki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"579","article-title":"Issues in the Measurement of Satisfaction with Treatment","volume":"3","author":"Weaver","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Manag. Care"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-2-12","article-title":"Validation of a general measure of treatment satisfaction, the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM), using a national panel study of chronic disease","volume":"2","author":"Atkinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2013.04.044","article-title":"Effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment and control of blood pressure: Is it improvable?","volume":"141","author":"Sierra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510060059034","article-title":"Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study. Final results. Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study Research Group","volume":"270","author":"Neaton","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7753(03)73616-1","article-title":"Tratamiento de la hipertensi\u00f3n arterial","volume":"120","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i34","DOI":"10.1136\/qhc.0100034","article-title":"Variability in patient preferences for participating in medical decision making: Implication for the use of decision support tools","volume":"10","author":"Robinson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Qual. Health Care"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607148","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/607148","article-title":"Residual Effects of Sleep Medications Are Commonly Reported and Associated with Impaired Patient-Reported Outcomes among Insomnia Patients in the United States","volume":"2015","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Disord."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"97","article-title":"Patient Preferences and Therapeutic Satisfaction with Topical Agents for Rosacea: A Survey-Based Study","volume":"11","author":"Williamson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Health Drug Benefits"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000221","article-title":"Influence of intention to adhere, beliefs and satisfaction about medicines on adherence in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"98","author":"Hugon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-013-0116-7","article-title":"Effectiveness of Pregabalin as Monotherapy or Combination Therapy for Neuropathic Pain in Patients Unresponsive to Previous Treatments in a Spanish Primary Care Setting","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"e201910080","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n de la satisfacci\u00f3n con el tratamiento farmacol\u00f3gico en personas con hipertensi\u00f3n arterial","volume":"93","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00323.x","article-title":"Development and Validation of the \u2018\u2018Treatment Satisfaction with Medicines Questionnaire\u2019\u2019 (SATMED-Q)","volume":"11","author":"Ruiz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198601000-00007","article-title":"Concurrent and predictive validity of a self-reported measure of medication adherence","volume":"24","author":"Morisky","year":"1986","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0212-8241(05)71587-5","article-title":"Epidemiolog\u00eda de la hipertensi\u00f3n arterial en Espa\u00f1a. Situaci\u00f3n actual y perspectivas","volume":"22","author":"Banegas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hipertensi\u00f3n"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"60","article-title":"Consumo declarado de f\u00e1rmacos antihipertensivos en poblaci\u00f3n general. Estudio Hortega","volume":"19","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hipertensi\u00f3n"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2011.04.006","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis del uso racional de antihipertensivos en la regi\u00f3n de Murcia","volume":"44","author":"Ruiz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01674.x","article-title":"Development and validation of a disease-specific treatment satisfaction questionnaire for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","volume":"18","author":"Coyne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2005.19.9","article-title":"Abacavir compared to protease inhibitors as part of HAART regimens for treatment of HIV infection: Patient satisfaction and implications for adherence","volume":"19","author":"Jordan","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-4-28","article-title":"Validation of a patient satisfaction questionnaire for anemia treatment, the OSQ-An","volume":"4","author":"Nordyke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-017-0234-z","article-title":"Development and Pretesting of a Questionnaire to Assess Patient Experiences and Satisfaction with Medications (PESaM Questionnaire)","volume":"10","author":"Kimman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Patient"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-1591-3","article-title":"Validation of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Crohn\u2019s Disease (TSQ-C)","volume":"50","author":"Coyne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03320906","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n del cuestionario Diabetes treatment satisfaction questionnaire (DTSQ) en la poblaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola","volume":"3","author":"Gomis","year":"2006","journal-title":"PharmacoEcon. Span. Res. Artic."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/S1098-3015(11)71698-9","article-title":"Psychometric validation of the Arthritis Treatment Satisfaction (ARTS) questionnaire","volume":"4","author":"Trudeau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.4321\/S1135-57272013000600006","article-title":"Satisfacci\u00f3n con el tratamiento antidepresivo. Validaci\u00f3n del cuestionario \u201cESTA\u201d","volume":"87","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Esp. Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2005.00066.x","article-title":"Hierarchical construct validity of the treatment satisfaction questionnaire for medication (TSQM version II) among outpatient pharmacy consumers","volume":"8","author":"Atkinson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-7-36","article-title":"Validation of an abbreviated Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9) among patients on antihypertensive medications","volume":"7","author":"Bharmal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Streiner, D.L., and Norman, G.R. (1995). Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use, Oxford University Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.4.w555","article-title":"What \u2018patient-centered\u2019 should mean: Confessions of an extremist. A seasoned clinician and expert fears the loss of his humanity if he should become a patient","volume":"28","author":"Berwick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cki004","article-title":"European patients\u2019 views on the responsiveness of health systems and healthcare providers","volume":"15","author":"Coulter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"136","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n de los resultados en salud percibidos y comunicados por los pacientes: \u00bfnecesidad o lujo?","volume":"23","year":"2006","journal-title":"An. Med. Interna"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0212-6567(02)79052-5","article-title":"Reflexiones sobre la investigaci\u00f3n de resultados en salud","volume":"30","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aprim.2008.10.021","article-title":"La satisfacci\u00f3n con el tratamiento","volume":"41","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aten. Primaria"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/6\/3212\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:38:20Z","timestamp":1760161100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/6\/3212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph18063212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18063212","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]}}}