{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:28:17Z","timestamp":1792121297975,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 101-2314-B-038-032-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 101-2314-B-038-032-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease (PD) has been revealed by previous studies, but there have been few studies on the association in younger adults. We enrolled a total of 7298 adults aged 40 to 44 who underwent PD screening between 2003 and 2008. Data on quantitative ultrasound for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) were collected for the diagnostic criteria of osteopenia and osteoporosis. The Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was measured for defining PD. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the effect of low bone mass on the risk of PD. Of 7298 enrollees, 31% had periodontal pockets &gt;3 mm, 36.2% had osteopenia, and 2.1% had osteoporosis. The 39.8% of PD prevalence was high in adults with osteoporosis, followed by 33.3% in osteopenia. A negative association was found between BMD and CPI value (p &lt; 0.0001). Low bone mass was associated with the risk of PD (adjusted OR: 1.13; 95% CI:1.02\u20131.26) after adjusting the confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, overweight, smoking status, past history of osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. An association between BMD and PD among young adults was found. An intervention program for the prevention of PD and osteoporosis could be considered starting in young adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18063321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T14:08:16Z","timestamp":1616508496000},"page":"3321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Association between Bone Mineral Density and Periodontal Disease in Middle-Aged Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hsin-Hua","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Dental Department of Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11600, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sao-Lun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8607-5307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sen-Te","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Hsuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-3015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam Li-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90176-1","article-title":"Pathogenesis of osteoporosis","volume":"156","author":"Riggs","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. 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