{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T04:11:13Z","timestamp":1780546273270,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: From 2010 onwards, the city of Rio de Janeiro has undergone changes related to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games, potentially affecting the respiratory health of inhabitants. Thus, the spatial distribution of respiratory hospitalizations (2008\u20132017) and the relationship between this outcome and potential air pollution sources in the city of Rio de Janeiro (2013\u20132017) were evaluated. Methods: An ecological study was performed using the Bayesian model with multivariate Poisson regression for the period of the sporting events (2013\u20132017). The outcome was the ratio of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases by the population at risk. Data analysis was performed in the total population and by sex and age group. The air pollution-related variables included industrial districts, traffic density, tunnel portals, a seaport, airports, and construction\/road work. Results: All explanatory variables, except tunnel portals, were associated with an increase in the outcome. Construction\/road work showed a greater magnitude of association than the other pollution-related variables. Airports were associated with an increased hospitalization ratio among the \u226560 year-old group (mean = 2.46, 95% credible intervals = 1.35\u20134.46). Conclusion: This study allows for a better understanding of the geographical distribution of respiratory problems in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Present results may contribute to improved healthcare planning and raise hypotheses concerning exposure to air pollution and respiratory hospitalizations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T22:29:07Z","timestamp":1619648947000},"page":"4716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Respiratory Hospitalizations and Their Relationship with Air Pollution Sources in the Period of FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"\u00c9lida","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Leopoldo Bulh\u00f5es Street, 1480, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Alexandre R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Social Development (Nides), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Athos da Silveira Ramos Avenue, University City, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Leopoldo Bulh\u00f5es Street, 1480, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), CIBER de Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP), Madrid Avenue, 15, 18012 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7134-3030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilce F.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Methods in Health, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Leopoldo Bulh\u00f5es Street, 1480, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"S5","article-title":"Clinical repercussions of exposure to atmospheric pollution","volume":"32","author":"Braga","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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