{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:18:57Z","timestamp":1777724337159,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"sungshin women's university Research Grant of 2019","award":["2019-1-82-014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-1-82-014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of sleep has been gaining more and more attention nowadays. It has been widely studied that some major health issues, such as cardiovascular diseases or mortality, are closely related to the extreme ends of sleep durations. Anemia is one of the health problems in modern society. In this study, we aimed to find a relationship between anemia occurrence and sleep duration. Data of 11,131 Korean adults aged 19 years or older were recruited from the 2016\u20132017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and analyzed in this cross-sectional study. \u2018Anemia\u2019 was defined in this study by hemoglobin level of &lt;13 g\/dL in men and &lt;12 g\/dL in women. Selected data were sorted into five groups by sleep duration: &lt;5 h, 5 h ~ &lt;6 h, 6 h ~ &lt;8 h, 8 h ~ &lt;9 h, and \u22659 h per day. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between sleep duration and risk of anemia after adjusting for covariates including age, gender, family income level, education level, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol usage. Other factors were assessed in the analysis, such as depression, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, coronary artery disease, malignancy, stress level, and body mass index (BMI). We found that sleep duration of &lt;5 h was related to high risk of anemia (odds ratio = 1.87; 95% confidence interval = 1.01\u20133.49, sleep duration of 6 h ~ &lt;8 h as the reference group). Also, sleep duration of \u22659 h was related to lower risk of anemia in most premenopausal women after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio = 0.61; 95% confidence interval = 0.38\u20130.96, sleep duration of 6 h ~ &lt; 8 h as the reference group). Male individuals with sleep durations of &lt;5 h (odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval =1.05\u20133.84) and of \u22659 h (odds ratio = 2.48; 95% confidence interval =1.63\u20133.81) had a significantly higher risk of anemia without covariate adjustment. Postmenopausal women with sleep durations of \u22659 h had a significantly higher risk of anemia (odds ratio =2.02; 95% confidence interval =1.33\u20133.08) without adjusting for covariates. However, the associations became statistically insignificant after adjusting for age and covariates in both men and postmenopausal women. In conclusion, we found significant associations between extreme ends of sleep duration and risk of anemia in premenopausal Korean women. However, we did not observe strong associations between self-reported sleep duration and anemia risk in men or postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T22:29:07Z","timestamp":1619648947000},"page":"4721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relationship between Self-Reported Sleep Duration and Risk of Anemia: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7200-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Young","family":"Chun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biopharmaceutical and Medical Science, Sungshin Women\u2019s University, Seoul 01133, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Clinical Pharmacology Lab, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6309-8469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, American University of Antigua, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, Coolidge PO Box w 1451, Antigua and Barbuda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju-Seop","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Clinical Pharmacology Lab, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13685","article-title":"Anemia, Physical Function, and Mortality in Long-Lived Individuals Aged 95 and Older: A Population-Based Study","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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