{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T16:20:40Z","timestamp":1782836440713,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital","award":["research grant from Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital (2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["research grant from Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital (2020)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of atmospheric concentration of particulate matter \u226410 \u03bcm in diameter (PM10) continues to attract research attention. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of meteorological factors, including PM10 concentration, on epistaxis presentation in children and adults. We reviewed the data from 1557 days and 2273 cases of epistaxis between January 2015 and December 2019. Eligible patients were stratified by age into the children (age \u226417 years) and adult groups. The main outcome was the incidence and cumulative number of epistaxis presentations in hospital per day and month. Meteorological factors and PM10 concentration data were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Several meteorological factors were associated with epistaxis presentation in hospital; however, these associations differed between children and adults. Only PM10 concentration was consistently associated with daily epistaxis presentation in hospital among both children and adults. Additionally, PM10 concentration was associated with the daily cumulative number of epistaxis presentations in hospital in children and adults. Furthermore, the monthly mean PM10 concentration was significantly associated with the total number of epistaxis presentations in the corresponding month. PM10 concentration should be regarded as an important environmental factor that may affect epistaxis in both children and adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T10:53:29Z","timestamp":1619780009000},"page":"4809","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) Is Associated with Epistaxis in Children and Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Kyungsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 224-1 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-755, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7117-7669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Il-Youp","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Statistics, Chung-Ang University, 224-1 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-755, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3075-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunjin","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 224-1 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-755, Korea"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Epistaxis in childhood","volume":"17","author":"Petruson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"199","article-title":"Does the weather really affect epistaxis?","volume":"10","author":"Kemal","year":"2014","journal-title":"B-ENT"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1990.tb00432.x","article-title":"Epistaxis: A study of the relationship with weather","volume":"15","author":"Nunez","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin. 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