{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T01:15:14Z","timestamp":1780622114436,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The tendency to think about or consciously control automated movements (i.e., movement-specific reinvestment) is a crucial factor associated with falling in the elderly. We tested whether elderly people\u2019s movement-specific reinvestment depended on their past falling history and whether it can predict future error-prone movements. In a longitudinal pre-post design, we assessed n = 21 elderly people\u2019s (Mage = 84.38 years, SD = 5.68) falling history, movement-specific reinvestment (i.e., Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale), and physical functioning (i.e., Short-Physical-Performance Battery). Following a baseline assessment, participants reported their movement behavior in a daily diary for 2 months, after which we assessed their movement-specific reinvestment and physical functioning again (longitudinal, pre-post design). Results revealed, first, that participants\u2019 movement self-consciousness score was fairly stable, while their conscious-motor-processing score was less stable. Second, conscious motor processing was higher in participants who had fallen as opposed to those who had not fallen in the past. Third, conscious motor processing predicted error-prone future movement behavior reported in the daily diary. For identifying individuals who are more prone to fall, caregivers, rehabilitation staff, or doctors could apply the Movement-Specific Reinvestment Scale to screen elderly people\u2019s psychomotor behavior. Based on conscious motor processing, monitoring cognitions could be tailored in theory-based, individual interventions involving both cognitive and motor training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18105129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T10:59:12Z","timestamp":1620817152000},"page":"5129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Movement-Specific Reinvestment in Older People Explains Past Falls and Predicts Future Error-Prone Movements"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1350-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Musculus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel","family":"Kinrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG18 5BH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4842-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Laborde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"University of Caen, UFR STAPS EA 4260, 14032 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melina","family":"Glei\u00dfert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Movement and Sport Gerontology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Streich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babett Helen","family":"Lobinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization\u2014Ageing and Life Course Unit (2008). 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