{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:14:55Z","timestamp":1785863695540,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Dnr 2015-02427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Dnr 2015-02427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Use of eye-gaze assistive technology (EGAT) provides children\/youths with severe motor and speech impairments communication opportunities by using eyes to control a communication interface on a computer. However, knowledge about how using EGAT contributes to communication and influences dyadic interaction remains limited. Aim: By video-coding dyadic interaction sequences, this study investigates the impacts of employing EGAT, compared to the Non-EGAT condition on the dyadic communicative interaction. Method: Participants were six dyads with children\/youths aged 4\u201319 years having severe physical disabilities and complex communication needs. A total of 12 film clips of dyadic communication activities with and without EGAT in natural contexts were included. Based on a systematic coding scheme, dyadic communication behaviors were coded to determine the interactional structure and communicative functions. Data were analyzed using a three-tiered method combining group and individual analysis. Results: When using EGAT, children\/youths increased initiations in communicative interactions and tended to provide more information, while communication partners made fewer communicative turns, initiations, and requests compared to the Non-EGAT condition. Communication activities, eye-control skills, and communication abilities could influence dyadic interaction. Conclusion: Use of EGAT shows potential to support communicative interaction by increasing children\u2019s initiations and intelligibility, and facilitating symmetrical communication between dyads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18105134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T10:59:12Z","timestamp":1620817152000},"page":"5134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Communicative Interaction with and without Eye-Gaze Technology between Children and Youths with Complex Needs and Their Communication Partners"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6220-2340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hsin","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, Se-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Borgestig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Gopalarao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al Noor Training Centre for Persons with Disabilities, Building No. 01, Street No. 21 Al Barsha 1, Dubai PO 8397, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy","family":"McGowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Easterseals of Southeastern Pennsylvania, 3975 Conshohocken Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Granlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHILD, Swedish Institute of Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping University, 553 18 J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2417-3243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ai-Wen","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan City 33301, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5 Fu-Xing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan City 33301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Hemmingsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, Se-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3109\/17518423.2011.568994","article-title":"Activity participation of children with complex communication needs, physical disabilities and typically-developing peers","volume":"14","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. 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