{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T03:57:41Z","timestamp":1788753461477,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Numerous studies have focused on examining the association between PA levels and health-related physical fitness components in children or adolescents without disabilities. However, research on the association between PA and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with DS (Down syndrome) is limited, and most of the previous studies have been developed with a cross-sectional perspective. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the prospective association of accelerometer-based PA at baseline with health-related physical fitness at a 2-year follow-up in a relatively large sample of adolescents with DS from the UP&amp;DOWN study. (2) Methods: A total of 92 adolescents with DS (58 males) between 11 and 20 years old with full data were eligible from an initial sample of 110 participants. Fitness was assessed by the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for youth, and physical activity was assessed by Actigraph accelerometers. (3) Results: The high tertile of total PA was related to decreased motor (Beta [95% CI] = \u22121.46 [\u22122.88; \u22120.05]) and cardiorespiratory fitness (Beta [95% CI] = \u22122.22 [\u22124.42; 0.02]) in adolescents with DS. (4) Conclusions: In adolescents with DS, (i) PA level was not prospectively associated with muscular fitness and (ii) high levels of total PA at the baseline were inversely associated with motor and cardiorespiratory fitness at the 2-year follow-up. For comparative purposes, these relationships were also examined in a subsample of adolescents without DS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T13:15:15Z","timestamp":1621602915000},"page":"5521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prospective Associations of Physical Activity and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents with Down Syndrome: The UP&amp;DOWN Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1574-868X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borja","family":"Suarez-Villadat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Alfonso X el Sabio University, 28691 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3666-5453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariel","family":"Villagra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8555-5704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1235-3535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Cabanas-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8081-5132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rocio","family":"Izquierdo-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of C\u00e1diz, Avenida Rep\u00fablica Saharaui, Puerto Real, 11519 C\u00e1diz, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), 11009 C\u00e1diz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the UP&DOWN Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research","volume":"100","author":"Caspersen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S197","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0663","article-title":"Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth","volume":"41","author":"Poitras","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. 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