{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:51:13Z","timestamp":1788184273829,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A high prevalence of cigarette smoking has been documented in France, and new patterns of tobacco and nicotine consumption are emerging, especially in some sports. In the amateur rugby population, data are scarce on harmful consumption and on the awareness of the risk of smoking. We analyzed the consumption of tobacco and other nicotine products in French amateur players, coaches and referees. Amateur players (&gt;12 years old), coaches and referees participating in the Burgundy amateur championship were invited to answer an electronic, anonymous questionnaire during the 2017\u20132018 sport season. Among the 683 subjects (gender ratio M\/F = 0.9), 176 (25.8%) were current smokers, including 32.4% of the referees and 28.2% of the coaches. The prevalence of smokers was higher in females (37.5%) than in males (24.6%). Most (86.4%) smoked within 2 h before\/after a rugby session. Only 28 subjects (4.1%) usually vaped; 21 of them (75%) vaped within 2 h before\/after a rugby session. Other tobacco or nicotine products were infrequent. The awareness about the risks of smoking before\/after sport was incomplete, including in coaches and referees. The prevalence of cigarette smoking is alarming across the whole spectrum of rugby amateur actors. Education programs are urgently needed to reduce tobacco consumption in this at-risk population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T10:30:32Z","timestamp":1622025032000},"page":"5720","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Smoking and Vaping in Amateur Rugby Players, Coaches and Referees: Findings from a Regional Survey Might Help to Define Prevention Targets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Chagu\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Center Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France"},{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Reboursi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"},{"name":"Sport Medicine Department, University Hospital Center, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Isra\u00ebl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"},{"name":"Cardiology Department, General Hospital, 91640 Bligny, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Hager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"},{"name":"Sport Medicine Department, Centre Orthop\u00e9dique Santy, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Ngassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"},{"name":"Sport Medicine Department, Polyclinique Saint-Laurent, 35700 Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Geneste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Guinoiseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Garet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Girardin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Sarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Cottin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital Center Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5763-4579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne","family":"Zeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiopathologie et Epid\u00e9miologie C\u00e9r\u00e9bro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), EA 7460 UFR Sciences de Sant\u00e9, University of Bourgogne Franche Comt\u00e9, 21000 Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw106","article-title":"2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: The Sixth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of 10 societies and by invited experts) Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)","volume":"37","author":"Piepoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. 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