{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T14:46:50Z","timestamp":1792248410154,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Classifications of impacted teeth allow defining the type and degree of retention, as well as assessing the degree of difficulty of the procedure. The aim of this study was to conduct retrospective analysis of the degree of retention and difficulty in the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars in the clinical material of the Department of Oral Surgery in 2013\u20132018. This study included 1585 dental panoramic radiographs of patients of the Department of Oral Surgery, who reported in 2013\u20132018, in order to perform surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar. Based on dental panoramic radiographs, the degree of retention was determined based on classifications according to Winter, according to Pell and Gregory, according to Tetsch and Wagner, and according to Asanami and Kasazaki. The difficulty of the procedure was also assessed based on the Pederson index. The most common types of lower wisdom tooth impaction are as follows: in Winter\u2019s classification, mesial-angular impaction; in Tetsch and Wagner\u2019s classification, oblique medial-angular impaction; in Pell and Gregory\u2019s classification, impaction grade 2A; and in Asanami and Kasazaki\u2019s classification, 3A and anterior inclination. In most cases of surgical removal of an impacted tooth, the anticipated difficulty of the procedure was rated as very difficult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18116016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T10:59:51Z","timestamp":1622717991000},"page":"6016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["The Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction and Assessment of Surgery Difficulty: A Retrospective Study of Radiographs in East Baltic Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7727-6388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Jaro\u0144","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72\/18, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3900-4901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Trybek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72\/18, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Dimitroulis, G. 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