{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:56:11Z","timestamp":1768481771616,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01TW010087 and U2RTW010104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01TW010087 and U2RTW010104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Information regarding adverse birth outcomes (ABO) of Indigenous and Tribal women living in the remote tropical rainforest of Suriname, where mercury (Hg) use is abundant in artisanal gold mining, is not available. In the context of a health system analysis, we examined the association between Hg exposure, maternal sociodemographics on the ABO of Indigenous and Tribal women living in Suriname\u2019s interior and its capital, Paramaribo. ABO were determined in pregnant women enrolled from December 2016 to July 2019 in the Caribbean Consortium for Environmental and Occupational Health prospective environmental epidemiologic cohort study. Associations were explored using Pearson\u2019s \u03c72-test and the Mann\u2013Whitney U-test. Among 351 singleton participants, 32% were Indigenous, residing mainly in the interior (86.8%), and 23.1% had ABO. Indigenous participants had higher rates of ABO (29.8% vs. 19.8%) and preterm birth (PTB) (21.2% vs. 12.4%), higher Hg levels, delivered at a younger age, were less educated, and had lower household income compared to Tribal participants. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that Indigenous participants had higher odds of ABO (OR = 3.60; 95% CI 1.70\u20137.63) and PTB (OR = 3.43; 95% CI 1.48\u20137.96) compared with Tribal participants, independent of Hg exposure and age at delivery. These results highlight the importance of effective risk reduction measures in support of Indigenous mothers, families, and communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18126370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]],"date-time":"2021-06-14T10:30:25Z","timestamp":1623666625000},"page":"6370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association of Mercury Exposure and Maternal Sociodemographics on Birth Outcomes of Indigenous and Tribal Women in Suriname"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7430-1576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaitree K.","family":"Baldewsingh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Mission Primary Health Care Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2364-2893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashna D.","family":"Hindori-Mohangoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"},{"name":"Foundation for Perinatal Interventions and Research in Suriname (Perisur), Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward D.","family":"van Eer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Mission Primary Health Care Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9483-8557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah H.","family":"Covert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arti","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey K.","family":"Wickliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizheng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen Y.","family":"Lichtveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"},{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4080-3858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilco C. W. R.","family":"Zijlmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname"},{"name":"Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"},{"name":"Foundation for Perinatal Interventions and Research in Suriname (Perisur), Paramaribo, Suriname"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-020-0902-7","article-title":"Childbirth outcomes and ethnic disparities in Suriname: A nationwide registry-based study in a middle-income country","volume":"17","author":"Verschueren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mersky, J.P., and Lee, C.P. (2019). 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