{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:45:31Z","timestamp":1787028331539,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Statistical data extracted from national databases demonstrate a continuous growth in the incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the ineffectiveness of current policies and strategies based on individual risk factors to reduce them, as well as their mortality and costs. Some innovative programs, telemedicine and government interest in the prevention of CKD did not facilitate timely access to care, continuing the increased demand for dialysis and transplants, high morbidity and long-term disability. In contrast, new forms of kidney disease of unknown etiology affected populations in developing countries and underrepresented minorities, who face socioeconomic and cultural disadvantages. With this background, our objective was to analyze in the existing literature the effects of social determinants in CKD, concluding that it is necessary to strengthen current kidney health strategies, designing in a transdisciplinary way, a model that considers demographic characteristics integrated into individual risk factors and risk factors population, incorporating the population health perspective in public health policies to improve results in kidney health care, since CKD continues to be an important and growing contributor to chronic diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18136786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T11:01:38Z","timestamp":1624532498000},"page":"6786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Population Kidney Health. A New Paradigm for Chronic Kidney Disease Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8971-4533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Burgos-Calder\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Science Campus, Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4150-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santos \u00c1ngel","family":"Depine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Universidad Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, Barranquilla 80001, Colombia"},{"name":"Confederaci\u00f3n de Asociaciones de Di\u00e1lisis de la Rep\u00fablica Argentina, Buenos Aires C1053ABW, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Aroca-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Universidad Sim\u00f3n Bol\u00edvar, Barranquilla 80001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saadi, G., and El Nahid, M.S. 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