{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T20:02:08Z","timestamp":1774987328649,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Active adults accumulate more ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure and are at greater risk of skin cancer than inactive adults. Golf is a popular sport that increases UV exposure because it is played outdoors in daylight. This study evaluated adult golfers\u2019 interest in multilevel sun-protection strategies and characterized differences in interest as a function of golfer characteristics. Adult golfers (N = 347) completed a web survey to rate their interest in 20 sun-protection strategies. We estimated descriptive statistics and evaluated differences in interest as a function of demographics, perceived risk, sun-protective behavior, and golf exposure. Golfers reported the greatest interest in environmental supports for sun protection, but these ratings were driven by golfers who already perceived golf as a risk behavior and used sunscreen diligently. Vulnerable golfers\u2014those with a golf-related sunburn in the past year or who spend more time golfing\u2014expressed interest in a broader range of intervention components, including education, family support, and text messages. Multilevel skin cancer prevention interventions are needed for golfers. Intervention components of interest involved support and reminders, which suggests they are open to sun-safety behaviors but need help executing them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T02:00:17Z","timestamp":1625623217000},"page":"7253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Golfers\u2019 Interest in Multilevel Sun-Protection Strategies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Amanda E.","family":"Weikert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherry L.","family":"Pagoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Handley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Golf Teaching and Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16082, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4609-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jimikaye B.","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8973-8671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah","family":"Brunke-Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0204-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David E.","family":"Conroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.1548","article-title":"Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity with Risk of 26 Types of Cancer in 1.44 Million Adults","volume":"176","author":"Moore","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. 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