{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:43:24Z","timestamp":1787683404465,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006346","name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["University of Auckland Doctoral Scholarship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["University of Auckland Doctoral Scholarship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006346","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Children walking to school are at a high risk of exposure to air pollution compared with other modes because of the time they spend in close proximity to traffic during their commute. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a walker\u2019s route choice on their exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) on the walk to school. During morning commutes over a period of three weeks, exposure to UFP was measured along three routes: two routes were alongside both sides of a busy arterial road with significantly higher levels of traffic on one side compared to the other, and the third route passed through quiet streets (the background route). The results indicate that the mean exposure for the pedestrian walking along the background route was half the exposure experienced on the other two routes. Walkers on the trafficked side were exposed to elevated concentrations (&gt;100,000 pt\/cc) 2.5 times longer than the low-trafficked side. However, the duration of the elevated exposure for the background route was close to zero. Public health officials and urban planners may use the results of this study to promote healthier walking routes to schools, especially those planned as part of organized commutes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18157808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T04:29:14Z","timestamp":1627014554000},"page":"7808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Effect of Route Choice in Children\u2019s Exposure to Ultrafine Particles Whilst Walking to School"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9453-4585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Rafiepourgatabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5670-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Salmond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4371-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim Natasha","family":"Dirks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.04.015","article-title":"Geographies of inequality: Child pedestrian injury and walking school buses in Auckland, New Zealand","volume":"60","author":"Collins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc. 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