{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T22:54:27Z","timestamp":1783292067098,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,25]],"date-time":"2021-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The assignment of newly arrived refugee children to the differentiated German school system represents a major challenge for the responsible municipalities. In this explorative research approach, the current assignment procedure, in addition to the necessary assessment of performance and the detection of learning, mental, or social disabilities of newly arrived refugee children in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, were investigated. Methods: Eight staff members of six relevant Communal Integration Centers (CICs) in NRW were interviewed and a qualitative content analysis was conducted. Results: The current assignment practices varied widely. The binding to guidelines differed; additionally, the school assignment or recommendation largely depended on personal engagement, connections, and attitudes of the relevant CIC staff. None of the CICs used standardized instruments. Instead, the staff assessed the performance with self-developed strategies such as free and playful approaches or self-developed worksheets, and counted on their \u2018gut feeling\u2019 and professional experience. Conclusion: The school career and education of newly arrived refugee children in NRW is largely inconsistent and dependent on the responsible CIC (e.g., the allocation of the family) and on the counseling staff member. Additionally, it must be assumed that relevant disabilities remain largely undetected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18157854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,25]],"date-time":"2021-07-25T22:06:21Z","timestamp":1627250781000},"page":"7854","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Integration of Newly Arrived Refugee Children into the German School System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0334-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pia","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations University\u2014Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), Maastricht University, Boschstraat 24, 6211 AX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Section for Social Policy and Social Economy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Notburga","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Social Policy and Social Economy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations University\u2014Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), Maastricht University, Boschstraat 24, 6211 AX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1811-3460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karim","family":"Fereidooni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, July 20). 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