{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:36:33Z","timestamp":1762522593292,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014653","name":"Manchester Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Unknown"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Unknown"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interventions to increase hearing protection behaviours within noisy recreational settings are limited by the lack of an underpinning evidence base. The aim of the present study was to identify targets for interventions in a population exposed to recreational noise, including those who had used hearing protection (ever-performers) versus those who had not (never-performers). A cross-sectional survey was administered to 185 UK adults who had been involved in noisy recreational activities. Participants had an average age of 36.79 years; the majority were women (68.1%), from a white ethnic background (87.6%), and with non-manual occupations (75.7%). Using Chi-square, MANOVA and ANOVA, we looked for differences in sociodemographic variables and variables from the capabilities, opportunities and motivations model of behaviour change (COM-B) between ever- and never-performers. Ever-performers were more likely to be younger (p &lt; 0.050), men (p &lt; 0.050), and in a manual occupation (p &lt; 0.050) compared to never-performers. Although the two groups felt capable and reported similar opportunities to use hearing protection, never-performers lacked automatic motivation (p &lt; 0.001) and reflective motivation (p &lt; 0.001) compared to ever-performers. For the first time, the present study identifies potential groups at whom hearing protection interventions might be targeted and what those interventions may contain. Further work is required to develop interventions targeted at older people, women and those in non-manual occupations. Lack of motivation is a key concern, and further work that uses specific theoretical frameworks, such as the PRIME (Plans, Responses, Impulses, Motives, and Evaluations) theory of motivation, may shed light on the kinds of interventions that are needed to boost hearing protection use effectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18158025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T10:47:46Z","timestamp":1627555666000},"page":"8025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Identifying Targets for Interventions to Increase Uptake and Use of Hearing Protection in Noisy Recreational Settings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Loughran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"},{"name":"Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2987-5332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Plack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2365-1765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Armitage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"},{"name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9QN, UK"},{"name":"NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00516-X","article-title":"Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990\u20132019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"397","author":"Haile","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09602-8","article-title":"Epidemiology of the extent of recreational noise exposure and hearing protection use: Cross-sectional survey in a nationally representative UK adult population sample","volume":"20","author":"Armitage","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2020, October 21). 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