{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:03:58Z","timestamp":1776207838220,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Problem gambling is a gambling disorder often described as continued gambling in the face of increasing losses. In this article, we explored problem gambling behaviour and its psychological determinants. We considered the assumption of stability in risky preferences, anticipated by both normative and descriptive theories of decision making, as well as recent evidence that risk preferences are in fact \u2018constructed on the fly\u2019 during risk elicitation. Accordingly, we argue that problem gambling is a multifaceted disorder, which is \u2018fueled on the fly\u2019 by a wide range of contextual and non-contextual influences, including individual differences in personality traits, hormonal and emotional activations. We have proposed that the experience of gambling behaviour in itself is a dynamic experience of events in time series, where gamblers anchor on the most recent event\u2014typically a small loss or rare win. This is a highly adaptive, but erroneous, decision-making mechanism, where anchoring on the most recent event alters the psychological representations of substantial and accumulated loss in the past to a representation of negligible loss. In other words, people feel better while they gamble. We conclude that problem gambling researchers and policy makers will need to employ multifaceted and holistic approaches to understand problem gambling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18168607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T21:43:55Z","timestamp":1629063835000},"page":"8607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Problem Gambling \u2018Fuelled on the Fly\u2019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7162-668X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Teal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural Research Centre, Huddersfield Business School, The University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0308-927X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petko","family":"Kusev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural Research Centre, Huddersfield Business School, The University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1405-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata","family":"Heilman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Babe\u015f-Bolyai University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1845-8979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of People and Organisations, Surrey Business School, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Passanisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE\u2014Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0168-8153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ugo","family":"Pace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE\u2014Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Von Neumann, J., and Morgenstern, O. 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