{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:04:09Z","timestamp":1789578249842,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper is an exploratory study that examines the illegal goldmining impacts on Munduruku communities\u2019 \u201cGood-Living\u201d (Xipan Jewewekukap) and explores the possible relationship between chronic methylmercury (MeHg) exposure and the worsening mental health conditions in three villages in the Middle-Tapaj\u00f3s River, Brazilian Amazon. The region has been experiencing a long-lasting threat of goldminers\u2019 invasions. A total of 109 people were interviewed and evaluated. Total mercury (THg) exposure levels were evaluated through hair samples analysis, from which MeHg exposure levels were calculated. The Geriatric Depression Scale\u2014Short Form (GDS-SF) was used as a screening tool in order to assess mental health indicators. Brief non-structured interviews were carried out to investigate how goldmining is impacting the communities Good-Living. A Poisson regression model was used to estimate the possible association between mental health indicators (assessed through the GDS-SF) and the following independent variables: (i) mercury exposure level (&lt;10.0 \u03bcg\/g vs. \u226510.0 \u03bcg\/g), (ii) self-reported nervousness, (iii) self-reported irritability, (iv) age group, and (v) monthly income. The analysis revealed high levels of mercury in hair samples (median: 7.4 \u00b5g\/g, range 2.0\u201322.8; 70% and 28% of the participants had THg levels \u22656.0 and \u226510.0 \u00b5g\/g, respectively) and pointed to a tendency in which higher levels of methylmercury exposure (Hg \u2265 10.0 \u00b5g\/g) could be linked to worse mental health indicators. Although the GDS-SF has presented limitations due to the Munduruku sociocultural context, our findings suggest a tendency of worse mental health indicators in participants presenting high levels of MeHg exposure. Despite this limitation, the qualitative approach indicates an evident association between the impacts of goldmining and the Munduruku people\u2019s decreasing autonomy to maintain a Good-Living on their own terms, pointing to the importance of carrying out new investigations, especially considering longitudinal studies with qualitative methodologies and ethnographic approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18178994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]],"date-time":"2021-08-26T09:27:57Z","timestamp":1629970077000},"page":"8994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Impacts of the Goldmining and Chronic Methylmercury Exposure on the Good-Living and Mental Health of Munduruku Native Communities in the Amazon Basin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Rafaela Waddington","family":"Achatz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Psicologia Cl\u00ednica do Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), Av. Professor Mello Moraes, 1721-Butant\u00e3, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Claudia Santiago","family":"de Vasconcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Profissional em Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Escola Polit\u00e9cnica de Sa\u00fade Joaquim Ven\u00e2ncio, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (EPSJV\/Fiocruz), Av. Brasil, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Antropologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Rodovia Dourados, Km 12, Unidade II, 364, Itahum, Dourados 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Victor de Sousa","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Refer\u00eancia Professor H\u00e9lio Fraga, Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (CRPHF\/ENSP\/Fiocruz), Estrada de Curicica, 2000, Curicica, Rio de Janeiro 22780-195, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0804-0413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Cesar","family":"Basta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa, Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (ENSP\/Fiocruz), Rua Leopoldo Bulh\u00f5es, 1480, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ramos, A.R.F. (2000). Entre a Cruz e a Riscadeira: Catequese e Empresa Extrativista Entre os Munduruku (1910 a 1957). [Master\u2019s Thesis, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s (UFG)]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Ramos, A.R.F. (2003). Munduruku. Enciclop\u00e9dia dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas No Brasil, Instituto Socioambiental. Available online: http:\/\/www.socioambiental.org\/pib\/epi\/munduruku\/munduruku.shtm."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Lander, E. (2000). Colonialidad del poder, eurocentrismo y America Latina. A Colonialidade do Saber: Eurocentrismo e Ci\u00eancias Sociais. Perspectivas Latino-Americanas, CLACSO. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Racismo ambiental e lutas por reconhecimento dos povos de floresta da Amaz\u00f4nia","volume":"7","author":"Massola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob. J. Community Psychol. Pract."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X1999000200017","article-title":"Mercury levels in fish consumed by the sai cinza indigenous community, Munduruku reservation, Jacareacanga county, state of Para, Brazil","volume":"15","author":"Brabo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cad. Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S1382-6689(98)00031-3","article-title":"Indices of mercury contamination during breast feeding in the Amazon Basin","volume":"6","author":"Barbosa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00093-X","article-title":"Distribution and partition of total mercury in waters of the Tapajos River Basin, Brazilian Amazon","volume":"213","author":"Roulet","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"155","article-title":"Mercury from gold mining in the Amazon environment-an overview","volume":"15","author":"Lacerda","year":"1992","journal-title":"Qu\u00edmica Nova"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04905-3","article-title":"Methylmercury pollution in the Amazon, Brazil","volume":"175","author":"Akagi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"RAISG (2018). Mapa In\u00e9dito Indica Epidemia de Garimpo Ilegal na Panamaz\u00f4nia, Rede Amaz\u00f4nica de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o Socioambiental Georreferenciada. Available online: https:\/\/www.amazoniasocioambiental.org\/pt-br\/radar\/mapa-inedito-indica-epidemia-de-garimpo-ilegal-na-panamazonia\/."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"014006","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/10\/1\/014006","article-title":"Global demand for gold is another threat for tropical forests","volume":"10","author":"Aide","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"Rahm, M., Jullian, B., Lauger, A., de Carvalho, R., Vale, L., Totaram, J., Cort, K.A., Djojodikromo, M., Hardjoprajitno, M., and Neri, S. (2015). Monitoring the Impact of Gold Mining on the Forest Cover and Freshwater in the Guiana Shield. Reference Year 2014, WWF-France."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Legg, E.D., Ouboter, P.E., and Wright, M.A.P. (2015). Small-Scale Gold Mining Related to Mercury Contamination in the Guianas: A Review, WWF Guianas."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2000.4114","article-title":"Mercury contamination of fish and exposures of an indigenous community in Para state, Brazil","volume":"84","author":"Brabo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2002.4389","article-title":"Mercury exposure in Munduruku Indians from the community of Sai Cinza, State of Par\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"90","author":"Santos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"FAO, and WHO (2008). Expert Committee on Food Additives. Sixty-First Meeting. Summary and Conclusions, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"FAO, and WHO (2003, January 10\u201319). Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants: Sixty-first Report of the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Proceedings of the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), Rome, Italy."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2005.03.007","article-title":"Low dose mercury toxicity and human health","volume":"20","author":"Zahir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.06.036","article-title":"Minamata disease revisited: An update on the acute and chronic manifestations of methyl mercury poisoning","volume":"262","author":"Ekino","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2006.12.006","article-title":"Differential neurotoxic effects of methylmercury and mercuric sulfide in rats","volume":"169","author":"Chuu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.06.006","article-title":"Cognitive function and blood methylmercury in adults living near a deserted chloralkali factory","volume":"108","author":"Chang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200050027","article-title":"Methylmercury exposure affects motor performance of a riverine population of the Tapaj\u00f3s river, Brazilian Amazon","volume":"73","author":"Dolbec","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2020.04.004","article-title":"Neuropsychological effects of mercury exposure in children and adolescents of the Amazon region, Brazil","volume":"79","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5497201700020003","article-title":"Manifesta\u00e7\u00f5es emocionais e motoras de ribeirinhos expostos ao merc\u00fario na Amaz\u00f4nia","volume":"20","author":"Junior","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Belaunde, L.E. (2001). Viviendo Bien: G\u00e9nero y Fertilidad Entre los Airo-Pai de la Amazon\u00eda Peruana, CAAAP."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-93132013000100005","article-title":"Intimidade com estranhos: Uma perspectiva Kaxinaw\u00e1 sobre confian\u00e7a e a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de pessoas na Amaz\u00f4nia","volume":"19","author":"McCallum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mana"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Costa, A. (2015). O Bem Viver\u2013Uma Oportunidade Para Imaginar Outros Mundos, Autonomia Liter\u00e1ria e Editora Elefante."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Baniwa, A.F. (2019). Bem Viver e Viver Bem: Segundo o Povo Baniwa no Noroeste Amaz\u00f4nico Brasileiro, UFPR."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"6","article-title":"Vamos continuar guerreando. Interview given to Patricia Bonilha","volume":"390","author":"Munduruku","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Porantim"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basta, P.C., Viana, P.V.S., Vasconcellos, A.C.S., P\u00e9riss\u00e9, A.R.S., Hofer, C.B., Paiva, N.S., Kempton, J.W., Ciampi de Andrade, D., Oliveira, R.A.A., and Achatz, R.W. (2021). Mercury exposure in Munduruku indigenous communities from Brazilian Amazon: Methodological background and an overview of the principal results. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, in press.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18179222"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610291000480","article-title":"Proposed factor structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale","volume":"3","author":"Sheikh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1300\/J018v05n01_09","article-title":"Recent evidence and development of a shorter version","volume":"5","author":"Sheikh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.07.038","article-title":"Clinical utility of the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) for use with young and middle-aged adults","volume":"241","author":"Guerin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Affect Disord."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.173.3.249","article-title":"Culturally sensitive validation of screening questionnaires for depression in older African\u2013Caribbean people living in south London","volume":"173","author":"Abas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Latour, B. (1991). Nous N\u2019avons Jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 Modernes: Essai D\u2019anthropologie Sym\u00e9trique, La D\u00e9couverte."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Castro, V.E. (2002). O nativo relativo. Rev. Mana, 8.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-93132002000100005"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Silva, D.F. (2007). Toward a Global Idea of Race, University of Minnesota Press."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"de Castro, V.E. (2004). Perspectival Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Equivocation. Tipit\u00ed J. Soc. Anthropol. Lowl. South Am., 2, Available online: https:\/\/digitalcommons.trinity.edu\/tipiti\/vol2\/iss1\/1."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2008). Guidance for Identifying Populations at Risk from Mercury Exposure, WHO. Available online: https:\/\/wedocs.unep.org\/bitstream\/handle\/20.500.11822\/11786\/IdentifyingPopnatRiskExposuretoMercury_2008Web.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinho, J.S., Lima, M.O., de Oliveira Santos, E.C., de Jesus, I.M., da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o, N., Pinheiro, M., Alves, C.N., and Muller, R.C. (2014). Mercury speciation in hair of children in three communities of the Amazon, Brazil. Biomed. Res. Int., 945963.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/945963"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Castro, S.S.N., and de Oliveira Lima, M. (2018). Hair as a biomarker of long term mercury exposure in Brazilian Amazon: A systematic review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15030500"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vega, C.M., Orellana, J.D., Oliveira, M.W., Hacon, S.S., and Basta, P.C. (2018). Human mercury exposure in Yanomami indigenous villages from the Brazilian Amazon. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15061051"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"157","article-title":"Evidence of early nervous system dysfunction in Amazonian populations exposed to low-levels of methylmercury","volume":"17","author":"Lebel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.1998.3846","article-title":"Neurotoxic effects of low-level methylmercury contamination in the Amazonian Basin","volume":"79","author":"Lebel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(01)00059-9","article-title":"Mercury pollution in the Tapajos river basin, Amazon: Mercury level of head hair and health effects","volume":"27","author":"Harada","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01428","article-title":"Comparison of visual functions of two Amazonian populations: Possible consequences of different mercury exposure","volume":"13","author":"Lacerda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Oliveira, R.A.A., Pinto, B.D., Rebou\u00e7as, B.H., Ciami de Andrade, D., Vasconcellos, A.C.S., and Basta, P.C. Neurological impacts of chronic methylmercury exposure in Munduruku indigenous adults: Somatosensory, motor and cognitive abnormalities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, (under review)."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2010.08.010","article-title":"Fishing activity, health characteristics and mercury exposure of Amerindian women living alongside the Beni River (Amazonian Bolivia)","volume":"213","author":"Benefice","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1039\/C4EM00268G","article-title":"Neurological abnormalities in a mercury exposed population among indigenous Wayana in Southeast Suriname","volume":"16","author":"Peplow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-6513(03)00060-5","article-title":"Cases of mercury exposure, bioavailability and absorption","volume":"56","author":"Gochfeld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460508","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/460508","article-title":"Mercury toxicity and treatment: A review of the literature","volume":"2012","author":"Bernhoft","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.2012.45.6.344","article-title":"Human exposure and health effects of inorganic and elemental mercury","volume":"45","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Prev. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.1.95","article-title":"The neuropsychiatric sequelae of mercury poisoning: The mad hatter\u2019s disease revisited","volume":"167","author":"Masterton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"415","article-title":"Mercury toxicity presenting as chronic fatigue, memory impairment and depression: Diagnosis, treatment, susceptibility, and outcomes in a New Zealand general practice setting (1994\u20132006)","volume":"27","author":"Wojcik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol. Endocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1080\/01688638608405177","article-title":"Chronic low-level mercury exposure and neuropsychological functioning","volume":"8","author":"Uzzell","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Clin. Experim. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psychotherapy.1989.43.4.575","article-title":"The relationship between mercury from dental amalgam and mental health","volume":"43","author":"Siblerud","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychother."},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"World Health Organization (1976). Environmental Health Criteria 1. Mercury, WHO."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1126\/science.181.4096.230","article-title":"Methylmercury poisoning in Iraq","volume":"181","author":"Bakir","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.37.8.954","article-title":"Psychiatric aspects of methyl mercury poisoning","volume":"37","author":"Maghazaji","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"294","article-title":"Pathology of experimental methylmercury intoxication: Some problems of exposure and response","volume":"Volume 111","author":"Miller","year":"1973","journal-title":"Mercury, Mercurials and Mercaptans"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"403","article-title":"Sa\u00fade mental em contextos ind\u00edgenas: Escassez de pesquisas brasileiras, invisibilidade das diferen\u00e7as","volume":"21","author":"Batista","year":"2016","journal-title":"Estud. Psicol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-008-9123-z","article-title":"Internal consistency and test-retest stability of the geriatric depression scale-short form in African American older adults","volume":"31","author":"Pedraza","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Psychopathol. Behav. Assess."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610203009517","article-title":"Reliability of the geriatric depression scale for use among elderly Asian immigrants in the USA","volume":"15","author":"Mui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X1999000300013","article-title":"Confiabilidade da vers\u00e3o brasileira da escala de depress\u00e3o em geriatria (GDS) vers\u00e3o reduzida","volume":"57","author":"Almeida","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860500193021","article-title":"Acculturation and manifestation of depressive symptoms among Korean-American older adults","volume":"9","author":"Jang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.514848.x","article-title":"Does question comprehension limit the utility of the Geriatric Depression Scale in older African Americans?","volume":"51","author":"Flacker","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"22","article-title":"Cultural variations in the clinical presentation of depression and anxiety: Implications for diagnosis and treatment","volume":"62","author":"Kirmayer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860020020618","article-title":"Cross-cultural comparability of the Geriatric Depression Scale: Comparison between older Koreans and older Americans","volume":"5","author":"Jang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aging Ment. Health"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2010001000004","article-title":"Well-being in adolescents: The 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study","volume":"26","author":"Hallal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cad. Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"Stengers, I. (2010). Cosmopolitics, University of Minnesota Press."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e178182","DOI":"10.11606\/1678-9857.ra.2020.178182","article-title":"Por uma vida sem barragens: Corpos, territ\u00f3rio e o papel da autodetermina\u00e7\u00e3o na desnaturaliza\u00e7\u00e3o da viol\u00eancia","volume":"63","author":"Tosold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Antropol."},{"key":"ref_72","unstructured":"Weir, J.A.Q. (2021). Del \u2018Giro Ontol\u00f3gico\u2019 al Tiempo de Vuelta del Nosotrxs. Amaz. Latit., 26, Available online: https:\/\/amazonialatitude.com\/2021\/04\/08\/del-giro-ontologico-al-tiempo-de-vuelta-del-nosotrxs\/."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Krenak, A. (2019). Ideias Para Adiar o Fim do Mundo, Companhia das Letras."},{"key":"ref_74","unstructured":"Kopenawa, D., and Albert, B. (2014). La Chute du Ciel. Paroles d\u2019un Chaman Yanomami, Terre Humain, Plon."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/17\/8994\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:52:47Z","timestamp":1760165567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/17\/8994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph18178994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18178994","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,26]]}}}