{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:20:01Z","timestamp":1784676001988,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008781","name":"Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny W Szczecinie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WNoZ-322-02\/S\/12\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WNoZ-322-02\/S\/12\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008781","name":"Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny W Szczecinie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WNoZ-322-01\/S\/19\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WNoZ-322-01\/S\/19\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Existing data on the expression of estrogen receptor (ER\u03b1) and progesterone receptor (PR) in fallopian tubes in postmenopausal women are mostly inconclusive. Therefore, we assessed ER\u03b1 and PR immunoexpression in the oviducts of these women. One hundred postmenopausal women were divided into three groups based on time elapsed since the last menstrual period: (A) 1\u20135 years, (B) 6\u201310 years, and (C) \u226511 years. In all groups, both in the glandular epithelium and stroma of the ampulla and isthmus of the oviduct, immunolocalization of ER\u03b1 and PR were noted. The glandular epithelium of the ampulla showed a higher percentage of PR-positive cells than the isthmus in each group. Regarding ER\u03b1, there were no significant differences. In the glandular epithelium in both the ampulla and isthmus, the percentage of ER\u03b1- and PR-positive cells was significantly higher than that in the stroma in each study group and higher in the A group than in the C group. In conclusion, in postmenopausal women, time elapsed since the last menstrual period in the fallopian tubes was positively correlated with the following: (1) the epithelium showed vacuolation of cytoplasm with greater frequency, (2) the proportion of ciliated cells decreased, and (3) the percentage of ER\u03b1- and PR-positive cells also decreased. The obtained results indicate a significant decrease in ER\u03b1 and PR expression depending on the time that has elapsed since the last menstruation, which is undoubtedly related to the loss of the reproductive function of the patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18179195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T21:59:45Z","timestamp":1630447185000},"page":"9195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Immunoexpression in Fallopian Tubes among Postmenopausal Women Based on Time since the Last Menstrual Period"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Brodowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-256 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0861-0738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Grabowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bittel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-256 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9586-5810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwester","family":"Cie\u0107wie\u017c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-256 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Brodowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Healthcare, Pomeranian Medical University, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9808-0624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Szczuko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1518-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Szyd\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-256 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5914-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Piasecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(1996). 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