{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:54:25Z","timestamp":1789080865029,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71903133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71903133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71973100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71973100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71573179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71573179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to gain an in-depth understanding of research about childhood and adolescent depression, this article analyzes the scale, development, and geographic distribution of the literature in the field based on 8491 articles extracted from the Web of Science Core database. Using citation analysis, this article identifies influential journals, scholars, and documents in this field. The study found that in the past 15 years, the number of documents has increased significantly and geographical diversity has also increased. Most of the highly influential literature relates to depression inventories. Using keyword co-occurrence analysis, this article also identified three key research topics focusing on (a) child and adolescent depression symptoms and prevalence, (b) parental depression and child behavioral or emotional problems, and (c) childhood abuse and depression. This study uses \u2018science mapping\u2019 as a means to provide a better understanding of research trends about childhood and adolescent depression that have emerged over the past half century, and may serve as reference for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T12:20:37Z","timestamp":1631190037000},"page":"9524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Half Century of Research on Childhood and Adolescent Depression: Science Mapping the Literature, 1970 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biyu","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6048-7277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics and Management, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60871-4","article-title":"Depression in adolescence","volume":"379","author":"Thapar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c209","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c209","article-title":"Managing and preventing depression in adolescents","volume":"340","author":"Thapar","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.112.2.244","article-title":"The symptomatic expression of major depressive disorder in adolescents and young adults","volume":"112","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.24.4.367","article-title":"The depression and its effect on the mental health of the child","volume":"24","author":"Schumacher","year":"1934","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health Nations Health"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6807(197401)11:1<19::AID-PITS2310110106>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Depression in children\u2014Some observations for school psychologist","volume":"11","author":"Friedman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Psychol. Sch."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01433252","article-title":"Depression in Childhood","volume":"4","author":"Connell","year":"1973","journal-title":"Child Psychiatry Hum. Dev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)61623-X","article-title":"Childhood depression\u2014Longitudinal perspective","volume":"15","author":"Poznanski","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1970.01750010010004","article-title":"Childhood depression-clinical characteristics of overtly depressed children","volume":"23","author":"Poznanski","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.129.2.149","article-title":"Proposed classification of childhood depression","volume":"129","author":"Cytryn","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/070674377301800209","article-title":"3 types of childhood depression","volume":"18","author":"Mcconville","year":"1973","journal-title":"Can. Psychiatr. Assoc. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687807100707","article-title":"Recognition of depressive disorder in children","volume":"71","author":"Pearce","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-7138(09)62277-9","article-title":"Depression in hospitalized child-psychiatry patients-approaches to measuring depression","volume":"17","author":"Petti","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.64.4.442","article-title":"Depression rating-scale for children","volume":"64","author":"Poznanski","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197909000-00002","article-title":"Problems and prospects in the study of childhood depression","volume":"16","author":"Cantwell","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-010-0080-1","article-title":"Maternal depression and child psychopathology: A meta-analytic review","volume":"14","author":"Goodman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Child. Fam. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.115.3.424","article-title":"The Emergence of Gender Differences in Depression during Adolescence","volume":"115","author":"Nolenhoeksema","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199611000-00011","article-title":"Childhood and adolescent depression: A review of the past 10 years","volume":"35","author":"Birmaher","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.132.1.132","article-title":"Effects of psychotherapy for depression in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis","volume":"132","author":"Weisz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.06.183","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of climate change adaptation based on massive research literature data","volume":"199","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean Prod."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654319830380","article-title":"A Bibliometric Review of Research on Educational Administration: Science Mapping the Literature, 1960 to 2018","volume":"89","author":"Hallinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5183","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0307852100","article-title":"Mapping knowledge domains","volume":"101","author":"Shiffrin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"449","article-title":"History and theory of mapping knowledge domains","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stud. Sci. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428114562629","article-title":"Bibliometric methods in management and organization","volume":"18","author":"Zupic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Organ. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630240406","article-title":"Co-citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents","volume":"24","author":"Small","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Merton, R.K. (1973). The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations, University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277700700112","article-title":"Referencing as persuasion","volume":"7","author":"Gilbert","year":"1977","journal-title":"Soc. Stud. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2018.09.016","article-title":"Trends on enzyme immobilization researches based on bibliometric analysis","volume":"76","author":"Goncalves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Process. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22695","article-title":"Author name disambiguation: What difference does it make in author-based citation analysis?","volume":"63","author":"Strotmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"305","article-title":"Rating-scales to assess depression in school-aged children","volume":"46","author":"Kovacs","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Paedopsychiatr."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"995","article-title":"The Children\u2019s Depression, Inventory (CDI)","volume":"21","author":"Kovacs","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537606","article-title":"The Use of The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in Adolescents and Young-Adults","volume":"20","author":"Radloff","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.52.6.955","article-title":"The Children\u2019s depression inventory\u2014A systematic evaluation of psychometric properties","volume":"52","author":"Saylor","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00917219","article-title":"Normative and reliability data for the children\u2019s depression inventory","volume":"14","author":"Smucker","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"237","article-title":"Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents","volume":"5","author":"Angold","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Methods. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00130-8","article-title":"Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: A revised child anxiety and depression scale","volume":"38","author":"Chorpita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.111.4.578","article-title":"Age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, and birth cohort differences on the Children\u2019s Depression Inventory: A meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Twenge","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2003.12.013","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood","volume":"82","author":"Chapman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.1.49","article-title":"A prospective investigation of major depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and neglected children grown up","volume":"64","author":"Widom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2009.214","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and adult risk factors for age-related disease depression, inflammation, and clustering of metabolic risk markers","volume":"163","author":"Danese","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11020335","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: A meta-analysis","volume":"169","author":"Nanni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.102.1.133","article-title":"Adolescent Psychopathology. 1. Prevalence and Incidence of Depression and Other DSM-III-R Disorders in High-School-Students","volume":"102","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.1.56","article-title":"The risk for early-adulthood anxiety and depressive disorders in adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders","volume":"55","author":"Pine","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.1.21","article-title":"Adolescent onset of the gender difference in lifetime rates of major depression\u2014A theoretical model","volume":"57","author":"Cyranowski","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830230069010","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in children and adolescents with depression","volume":"54","author":"Emslie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16043-1","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in childhood depression: Systematic review of published versus unpublished data","volume":"363","author":"Whittington","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790140019002","article-title":"Depressive-disorders in childhood.1. a longitudinal prospective-study of characteristics and recovery","volume":"41","author":"Kovacs","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2006.01682.x","article-title":"Is there an epidemic of child or adolescent depression?","volume":"47","author":"Costello","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Modeling"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00261.x","article-title":"Statistical Issues in The Study of Temporal Data","volume":"59","author":"West","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Pers."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199211000-00020","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of pervasive noncompliance with medical-treatment among youths with insulin-dependent diabetes-mellitus","volume":"31","author":"Kovacs","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021","article-title":"Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): Initial reliability and validity data","volume":"36","author":"Kaufman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.1.128","article-title":"Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study","volume":"107","author":"Hankin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.3.458","article-title":"Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: A developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission","volume":"106","author":"Goodman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(98)00100-7","article-title":"Maternal depression and parenting behavior: A meta-analytic review","volume":"20","author":"Lovejoy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.102.1.110","article-title":"Age-Cohort Changes in The Lifetime Occurrence of Depression and Other Mental-Disorders","volume":"102","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.108.1.50","article-title":"Children of depressed parents: An integrative review","volume":"108","author":"Downey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782","article-title":"Detection of postnatal depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","volume":"150","author":"Cox","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, American Psychiatric Association. [4th ed.]. Revised."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, American Psychiatric Association. [3rd ed.]. Revised."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.01.005","article-title":"The prevalence, comorbidity and socio-demographic factors of depressive disorder among Iranian children and adolescents: To identify the main predictors of depression","volume":"247","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-011-0383-7","article-title":"Depressive disorders in school children of suburban India: An epidemiological study","volume":"47","author":"Sarkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.05.041","article-title":"Epidemiology of depression in an urban population of Turkish children and adolescents","volume":"134","author":"Demir","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-009-0005-z","article-title":"Screening for children\u2019s depression symptoms in Greece: The use of the Children\u2019s Depression Inventory in a nation-wide school-based sample","volume":"18","author":"Giannakopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000571","article-title":"Epidemiology and impact of health care provider-diagnosed anxiety and depression among US children","volume":"39","author":"Bitsko","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(00)00533-2","article-title":"Depressive symptoms as measured by the CDI in a population of northern Italian children","volume":"16","author":"Frigerio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.09.050","article-title":"Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in western china: An epidemiological survey of prevalence and correlates","volume":"246","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiat. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, M., Zhang, G., Rozelle, S., Kenny, K., and Xue, H. (2018). Depressive symptoms of Chinese children: Prevalence and correlated factors among subgroups. Int. J. Envl. Res. Pub. He., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15020283"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akimana, B., Abbo, C., Balagadde-Kambugu, J., and Nakimuli-Mpungu, E. (2019). Prevalence and factors associated with major depressive disorder in children and adolescents at the Uganda Cancer Institute. BMC Cancer, 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-5635-z"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2004.09.003","article-title":"Age and gender differences in depressive symptomatology and comorbidity: An incident sample of psychiatrically admitted children","volume":"84","author":"Sorensen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1017\/sjp.2017.14","article-title":"Child Depression: Prevalence and comparison between self-reports and teacher reports","volume":"20","author":"Jaureguizar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Span. J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2013.798389","article-title":"A population-based longitudinal study of depression in children with developmental disabilities in Manitoba","volume":"7","author":"Shooshtari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ment. Health Res. Intellect. Disabil."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, T.S., Silva, A.A., Alves, M.T., Sim\u00f5es, V.M., Batista, R.F., Rodriguez, J.D., Figueiredo, F.P., Lamy-Filho, F., Barbieri, M.A., and Bettiol, H. (2012). Perinatal and early life factors associated with symptoms of depression in Brazilian children. BMC Public Health, 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-605"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199203000-00016","article-title":"Self-reported depressive symptoms in first-grade children: Developmentally transient phenomena?","volume":"31","author":"Edelsohn","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1017\/S095457940000451X","article-title":"Are self-reported depressive symptoms in 1st-grade children developmentally transient phenomena-a further look","volume":"5","author":"Ialongo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2404_3","article-title":"Stability of self-reported depressive symptoms in a community sample of children and adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Dubois","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.13984","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the children\u2019s depression inventory-Japanese version","volume":"61","author":"Ozono","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Int."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109786","article-title":"Validating the German version of the revised children\u2019s anxiety and depression scale in a sample of pediatric chronic pain patients","volume":"124","author":"Stahlschmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.5209\/rev_SJOP.2012.v15.n3.39424","article-title":"Validation of children\u2019s depression scale in the basque-speaking population","volume":"15","author":"Balluerka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Span. J. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Speilberger, C.D. (1973). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Consulting Psychologists Press.","DOI":"10.1037\/t06497-000"},{"key":"ref_83","unstructured":"Lang, M., and Tisher, M. (1978). Children\u2019s Depression Scale, Australian Council for Educational Research."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198403000-00011","article-title":"Preliminary studies of the reliability and validity of the children\u2019s depression rating-scale","volume":"23","author":"Poznanski","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"979","article-title":"Children\u2019s depression rating scale-revised","volume":"21","author":"Poznanski","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.48.1.43","article-title":"Assessment of childhood depression","volume":"48","author":"Lefkowitz","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198012000-00005","article-title":"Children\u2019s symptom and social functioning self- report scales: Comparison of mothers\u2019 and children\u2019s reports","volume":"168","author":"Weissman","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1981.tb00533.x","article-title":"The validity of depressive disorder in childhood and the development of a self-rating scale: A research report","volume":"22","author":"Birleson","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/1165983","article-title":"Behavioral-problems and competencies reported by parents of normal and disturbed-children aged 4 through 16","volume":"46","author":"Achenbach","year":"1981","journal-title":"Monogr. Soc. Res. Child. Dev."},{"key":"ref_90","unstructured":"Achenbach, T.M., and Edelbrock, C.S. (1986). Manual for the Teachers Report form and the Teacher Version of the Child Behavior Profile, University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref_91","unstructured":"Kovacs, M. (1992). Children\u2019s Depression Inventory Manual, Western Psychological Services."},{"key":"ref_92","unstructured":"Reynolds, C.R., and Richmond, B.O. (1985). Revised Children\u2019s Manifest Anxiety Scale, Western Psychological Services."},{"key":"ref_93","unstructured":"Reynolds, W.M. (1986). Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, Psychological Assessment Resources."},{"key":"ref_94","unstructured":"Reynolds, W.M. (1989). Reynolds Child. Depression Scale. Professional Manual, Psychological Assessment Resources."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170003498X","article-title":"The Child and adolescent psychiatric-assessment (CAPA)","volume":"25","author":"Angold","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200001000-00015","article-title":"The child and adolescent psychiatric assessment (CAPA)","volume":"39","author":"Angold","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.106.2.280","article-title":"Structure of anxiety symptoms among children: A confirmatory factor-analytic study","volume":"106","author":"Spence","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021967623139","article-title":"Anxiety and depression in children: A preliminary examination of the utility of the PANAS-C","volume":"20","author":"Crook","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Psychopathol. Behav. Assess."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200001000-00017","article-title":"Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA)","volume":"39","author":"Reich","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200001000-00014","article-title":"NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses","volume":"39","author":"Shaffer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1089\/104454601317261546","article-title":"Diagnosis and measurement of adolescent depression: A review of commonly utilized instruments","volume":"11","author":"Brooks","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Child. Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3304_7","article-title":"Anxiety- and depression-related thoughts in children: Development and evaluation of a cognition measure","volume":"33","author":"Marien","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-006-9046-5","article-title":"Development and validation of the dysfunctional attitudes scale for children: Tests of beck\u2019s cognitive diathesis-stress theory of depression, of its causal mediation component, and of developmental effects. Cognit","volume":"30","author":"Burton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ther. Res."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710002059","article-title":"Parental depression and offspring psychopathology: A children of twins study","volume":"41","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.19.1.68.62177","article-title":"The impact of parental borderline personality disorder on vulnerability to depression in children of affectively ill parents","volume":"19","author":"Abela","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pers. Disord."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.56.9.1077","article-title":"Depression and anxiety among mothers who bring their children to a pediatric mental health clinic","volume":"56","author":"Swartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Serv."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07091438","article-title":"An adoption study of parental depression as an environmental liability for adolescent depression and childhood disruptive disorders","volume":"165","author":"Tully","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-008-9250-x","article-title":"Parental depression and child externalizing and internalizing symptoms: Unique effects of fathers\u2019 symptoms and perceived conflict as a mediator","volume":"18","author":"Kane","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Child. Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-3034","article-title":"Paternal depressive symptoms and child behavioral or emotional problems in the united states","volume":"128","author":"Weitzman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.18.4.575","article-title":"Father involvement moderates the effect of maternal depression during a child\u2019s infancy on child behavior problems in kindergarten","volume":"18","author":"Mezulis","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Fam. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.1999.00943.x","article-title":"Maternal depression and child behaviour problems: A meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Beck","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199503000-00006","article-title":"A longitudinal-study of maternal depression and preschool children\u2019s mental-health","volume":"44","author":"Gross","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nurs. Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2012.06.003","article-title":"Pathways of disadvantage: Explaining the relationship between maternal depression and children\u2019s problem behaviors","volume":"41","author":"Turney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2010.02205.x","article-title":"Genetic and environmental influences on the transmission of parental depression to children\u2019s depression and conduct disturbance: An extended Children of Twins study","volume":"51","author":"Silberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3109\/09540269609037817","article-title":"The impact of postpartum depression on child development","volume":"8","author":"Murray","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(18)30006-3","article-title":"Mitigating the effect of persistent postnatal depression on child outcomes through an intervention to treat depression and improve parenting: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Stein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiat."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/CHI.0b013e31816429c2","article-title":"Depression in men in the postnatal period and later child psychopathology: A population cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Ramchandani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.09.039","article-title":"Are female children more vulnerable to the long-term effects of maternal depression during pregnancy?","volume":"189","author":"Quarini","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.07.014","article-title":"The cumulative effect of different childhood trauma types on self-reported symptoms of adult male depression and PTSD, substance abuse and health-related quality of life in a large active-duty military cohort","volume":"58","author":"Agorastos","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.06.004","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment is associated with depression but not with hypochondriasis in later life","volume":"77","author":"Bailer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9188-2","article-title":"Stress generation in adolescent depression: The moderating role of child abuse and neglect","volume":"36","author":"Harkness","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Child. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09135","article-title":"Impact of childhood life events and childhood trauma on the onset and recurrence of depressive and anxiety disorders","volume":"76","author":"Hovens","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiat."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1080\/10538711003615038","article-title":"The clinical correlates of reported childhood sexual abuse: An association between age at trauma onset and severity of depression and PTSD in adults","volume":"19","author":"Schoedl","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Child. Sex. Abus."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.12.005","article-title":"Childhood mistreatment and adolescent and young adult depression","volume":"68","author":"Fletcher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511412067","article-title":"Does gender moderate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult depression?","volume":"16","author":"Arnow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child. Maltreat."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.02.009","article-title":"The relationship between childhood trauma and the severity of adulthood depression and anxiety symptoms in a clinical sample: The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies","volume":"213","author":"Huh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2013.863262","article-title":"The impact of self-reported childhood trauma on emotion regulation in borderline personality disorder and major depression","volume":"15","author":"Beblo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Trauma Dissociation"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.12.056","article-title":"Moderating and mediating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in Chinese children","volume":"211","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.12.012","article-title":"Childhood adversity and adult depression: The protective role of psychological resilience","volume":"64","author":"Poole","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child. Abuse Negl."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22429","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and the course of depressive and anxiety disorders: The contribution of personality characteristics","volume":"33","author":"Hovens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.11.036","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment, maladaptive personality types and level and course of psychological distress: A six-year longitudinal study","volume":"191","author":"Spinhoven","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.07.015","article-title":"Childhood trauma and sensitivity to reward and punishment: Implications for depressive and anxiety symptoms","volume":"119","author":"Miu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Dif."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-012-0634-2","article-title":"Childhood trauma, personality disorders symptoms and current major depressive disorder in Togo","volume":"48","author":"Kounou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2017.12.004","article-title":"Maternal relationship quality and peer social acceptance as mediators between child maltreatment and adolescent depressive symptoms: Gender differences","volume":"63","author":"Alto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Adolesc."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-004-0681-x","article-title":"The role of shame in predicting adult anger and depressive symptoms among victims of child psychological maltreatment","volume":"19","author":"Harper","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Fam. Violence"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20534","article-title":"The protective role of friendship on the effects of childhood abuse and depression","volume":"26","author":"Powers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01597","article-title":"Rumination as a mediator between childhood trauma and adulthood depression\/anxiety in non-clinical participants","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.03.013","article-title":"Child maltreatment and adult depressive symptoms: Roles of self-compassion and gratitude","volume":"80","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child. Abuse Negl."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.04.031","article-title":"Childhood adversities, adulthood life events and depression","volume":"127","author":"Korkeila","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2988","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-019-01474-w","article-title":"Relations of emotion regulation, negative and positive affect to anxiety and depression in middle childhood","volume":"28","author":"Uhl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Child. Fam. Stud."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.03.050","article-title":"Emotion regulation mediates the effect of childhood trauma on depression","volume":"198","author":"Hopfinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-017-9914-7","article-title":"Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between a history of child abuse and current PTSD\/depression severity in adolescent females","volume":"32","author":"John","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Fam. Violence"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.04.033","article-title":"Neurobiological markers of resilience to depression following childhood maltreatment: The role of neural circuits supporting the cognitive control of emotion","volume":"86","author":"Rodman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bio. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_144","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2020, October 11). Depression. Fact Sheet. Available online: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs369\/en\/."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chan, E.Y.Y., Lam, H.C.Y., So, S.H.W., Goggins, W.B., Ho, J.Y., Liu, S.D., and Chung, P.P.W. (2019). Association between Ambient Temperatures and Mental Disorder Hospitalizations in a Subtropical City: A Time-Series Study of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Int. J. Env. Res. Pub. He., 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040754"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.06.045","article-title":"Increasing ambient temperature reduces emotional well-being","volume":"151","author":"Noelke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.434","article-title":"Long-term exposure to high temperature associated with the incidence of major depressive disorder","volume":"659","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/18\/9524\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:59:50Z","timestamp":1760165990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/18\/9524"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"references-count":147,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph18189524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18189524","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]}}}