{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T04:11:50Z","timestamp":1768623110797,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["159908\/2019-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["159908\/2019-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The practice of sex with casual partners without the use of adequate prevention in the period of social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) can expose them to the risk of infection by the HIV virus. To assess this, we conducted an online survey in April and May 2020 in the entire national territory of Brazil and Portugal. We used the snowball technique for sampling, associated with circulation in social networks, totaling 2934 participants. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to produce the adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). Eight-hundred-and-forty-two (28.7%) MSM presented at-risk sexual exposure in this period. In general, the types of sexual practices that most increased the chances of sexual exposure were having multiple partners (aOR:14.045); having practiced chemsex (aOR:2.246) and group sex (aOR:2.431), as well as presenting a history of at-risk sexual exposure (aOR:5.136). When we consider each country separately, the chances are increased in Brazil since the probability of the outcome was increased in those who practiced group sex (aOR:5.928), had multiple partners (aOR:19.132), and reported a sexual history of at-risk exposure (aOR:8.861). Our findings indicate that practices that are classically associated with greater chances of engaging in risky sexual exposure to HIV infection were the factors that most increased the chances of acquiring the virus in the pandemic context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T21:45:57Z","timestamp":1631483157000},"page":"9584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sexual Exposure to HIV Infection during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): A Multicentric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2710-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro Francisco Lopes","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Centro Universit\u00e1rio UNINOVAFAPI\/AFYA, Piau\u00ed 64073-505, Brazil"},{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9062-0742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley Ver\u00f4nica Melo Almeida","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju 49100-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Victor","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5913-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herica Emilia F\u00e9lix","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6350-1908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4244-6217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Layze Braz","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6119-5193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emerson Lucas Silva","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e9lia Dalva da Silva","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Centro Universit\u00e1rio UNINOVAFAPI\/AFYA, Piau\u00ed 64073-505, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel Am\u00e9lia Costa","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Exposome and Infectious Diseases Network, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-902, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1406-4585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Fronteira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farrag, M.A., Amer, H.M., Bhat, R., Hamed, M.E., Aziz, I.M., Mubarak, A., Dawoud, T.M., Almalki, S.G., Alghofaili, F., and Alnemare, A.K. 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