{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:08:20Z","timestamp":1780078100502,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Svenska Spel\u2019s Research Council","award":["2020-0015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-0015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>So-called \u201ceffective schools\u201d are characterised by properties such as a strong and purposeful school leadership and a favourable school ethos. In a previous study we showed that a school\u2019s degree of teacher-rated ethos was inversely associated with student gambling and risk gambling. Building on these findings, the current study aims to examine the associations that teachers\u2019 ratings of the school leadership share with gambling and risk gambling among students in the second grade of upper secondary school in Stockholm (age 17\u201318 years). Data were drawn from the Stockholm School Survey and the Stockholm Teacher Survey with information from 5191 students and 1061 teachers in 46 upper secondary schools. School-level information from administrative registers was also linked to the data. The statistical method was two-level binary logistic regression analysis. Teachers\u2019 average ratings of the school leadership were inversely associated with both gambling (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93\u20130.998, p = 0.039) and risk gambling (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89\u20130.99, p = 0.031) among upper secondary students, whilst adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics at the student and the school level. The findings lend further support to the hypothesis that characteristics of effective schools may reduce students\u2019 inclination to engage in gambling and risk gambling behaviours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T21:47:21Z","timestamp":1631656041000},"page":"9660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Teacher-Rated School Leadership and Adolescent Gambling: A Study of Upper Secondary Schools in Stockholm, Sweden"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2579-8798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella","family":"Olsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bitte","family":"Modin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3573-6301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara Brolin","family":"L\u00e5ftman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/dah509","article-title":"Youth gambling problems: A public health perspective","volume":"20","author":"Messerlian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Promot. 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