{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:41:35Z","timestamp":1791600095225,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. The aim of this study was to show the long-term clinical outcomes of implants placed in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MFSA) using beta-tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2-TCP). Patients and methods. Maxillary patients were diagnosed for MFSA and used beta- \u03b2-TCP. After the lateral sinus surgery, implants were loaded at 6 months with restorations. The clinical follow-up was at 10 years. Results. One hundred and one patients (58 females and 43 males) were treated with MFSA. Twenty-nine patients (28.7%) had a history of periodontitis. Thirty-three patients (32.7%) were smokers. One hundred and twenty-one MFSA, 81 unilateral and 20 bilateral sites, with 234 implants were performed. The average vertical bone height available was 4.92 \u00b1 1.83 mm. The average vertical bone gain obtained was 6.95 \u00b1 2.19 mm following MFSA. The implant cumulative survival rate was 97.2%. Three implants (1.3%) were lost during the healing period. Six implants (2.6%) were lost by peri-implantitis. One hundred and fifteen restorations were placed in the patients. Mean marginal bone loss was 1.93 mm \u00b1 1.03 mm. Six patients (27.3%) showed technical complications. Thirty-six implants (15.3%) in 14 patients (13.9%) were associated with peri-implantitis. Conclusions. This study indicates that treatment with implant-supported restoration by MFSA using \u03b2-TCP constitutes a successful implant approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18199975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T22:50:48Z","timestamp":1632351048000},"page":"9975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Long-Term Clinical Study of Implants Placed in Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation Using Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0228-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugenio","family":"Velasco-Ortega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Sierra-Baztan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Espa\u00f1a-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Ortiz-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Moreno-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Rond\u00f3n-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8035-4412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health and Masticatory System Group\u2014IDIBELL (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute), University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loreto","family":"Monsalve-Guil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Dentistry for Adults and Gerodontology, Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, 41009 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"204","article-title":"Recent trends in sinus lift surgery and their clinical implications","volume":"18","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2016.05.008","article-title":"A comprehensive clinical review of maxillary sinus floor elevation: Anatomy, techniques, biomaterials and complications","volume":"54","author":"Loomer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13055","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness of maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Raghoebar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2017.05.001","article-title":"A systematic review and meta- analysis of long-term studies (five or more years) assessing maxillary sinus floor augmentation","volume":"47","author":"Aludden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01273.x","article-title":"A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation. Part II: Transalveolar technique","volume":"35","author":"Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"853","article-title":"The bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation technique: Multicenter retrospective report of consecutively treated patients","volume":"14","author":"Rosen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Implants."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-8532(22)02107-3","article-title":"Maxillary and sinus implant reconstructions","volume":"30","author":"Tatum","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dent. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.08.006","article-title":"Long-term survival rate of implants placed in conjunction with 246 sinus floor elevation procedures: Results of a 15-year retrospective study","volume":"43","author":"Beretta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13497","article-title":"Radiographic outcomes of transcrestal and lateral sinus floor elevation: One-year results of a bi-center, parallel-arm randomized trial","volume":"30","author":"Farina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-11-00160","article-title":"Indirect osteotome maxillary sinus floor elevation: An update","volume":"38","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Oral. Implantol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maximiano Mill\u00e1n, A., Bravo \u00c1lvarez, R., Plana Montori, M., Guerrero Gonz\u00e1lez, M., Saura Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn, D., R\u00edos-Carrasco, B., Fern\u00e1ndez-Palac\u00edn, A., Monticelli, F., R\u00edos-Santos, J.V., and Fern\u00e1ndez-Palac\u00edn, A. (2020). Assessment of the simultaneous use of biomaterials in transalveolar sinus floor elevation: Prospective randomized clinical trial in humans. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17061888"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12317","article-title":"Analysis of bone height changes after maxillary sinus augmentation with simultaneous and delayed placement of dental implants: A clinical and radiographic study","volume":"25","author":"Yin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Prosthodont."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Correia, F., Pozza, D.H., Gouveia, S., Felino, A.C., and Faria-Almeida, R. (2021). Advantages of porcine xenograft over autograft in sinus lift: A randomised clinical trial. Materials, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14123439"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12964","article-title":"Maxillary sinus augmentation with three different biomaterials: Histologic, histomorphometric, clinical and patient reported outcomes from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Valente","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Impl. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.06.022","article-title":"Dental implants combined with sinus augmentation: What is the merit of bone grafting? A systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Nasr","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cranio Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13107","article-title":"A prospective controlled trial comparing xenograft\/autogenous bone and collagen-stabilized xenograft for maxillary sinus augmentation\u2014Complications, patient-reported outcomes and volumetric analysis","volume":"29","author":"Alayan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eliaz, N., and Metoki, N. (2017). Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics: A Review of Their History, Structure, Properties, Coating Technologies and Biomedical Applications. Materials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma10040334"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3473","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S301470","article-title":"Performance of Nano-Hydroxyapatite\/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Xenogenic Hydroxyapatite on Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects: Histomorphometric, Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Frigo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badwelan, M., Alkindi, M., Alghamdi, O., Ahmed, A., Ramalingam, S., and Alrahlah, A. (2021). Bone Regeneration Using PEVAV\/\u03b2-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds in Standardized Calvarial Defects: Micro-Computed Tomographic Experiment in Rats. Materials, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14092384"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"e620-7","article-title":"Histomorphological study of the bone regeneration capacity of platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow and tricalcium phosphate: Experimental study on pigs","volume":"14","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med. Oral. Patol. Oral. Cir. Bucal."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cirera, A., Manzanares, M.-C., Sevilla, P., Ortiz-Hernandez, M., Galindo-Moreno, P., and Gil, J. (2019). Biofunctionalization with a TGF\u03b2-1 Inhibitor Peptide in the Osseointegration of Synthetic Bone Grafts: An in Vivo Study in Beagle Dogs. Materials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12193168"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e253","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51244","article-title":"Evaluation of horizontal ridge augmentation using beta tricalcium phosphate and demineralized bone matrix: A comparative study","volume":"5","author":"Shalash","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Dent."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.2319\/032414-220.1","article-title":"Apilot clinical study of Class III surgical patients facilitated by improved accelerated osteogenic orthodontic treatments","volume":"85","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angl. Orthod."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88402-5","article-title":"Surface Modified \u03b2-Tricalcium phosphate enhanced stem cell osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo","volume":"11","author":"Choy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12522","article-title":"Histologic and histomorphometric assessment of sinus-floor augmentation with beta-tricalcium phosphate alone or in combination with pure-platelet-rich plasma or platelet-rich fibrin: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"19","author":"Parlak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12518","article-title":"Comparison between mineralized cancellous bone allograft and an alloplast material for sinus augmentation: A split mouth histomorphometric study","volume":"19","author":"Kolerman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.05.004","article-title":"Do osteoconductive bone substitutes result in similar bone regeneration for maxillary sinus augmentation when compared to osteogenic and osteoinductive bone grafts? A systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Alkhutari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aragoneses-Lamas, J.M., G\u00f3mez-S\u00e1nchez, M., Cuadrado-Gonz\u00e1lez, L., Su\u00e1rez-Garc\u00eda, A., and Aragoneses S\u00e1nchez, J. (2020). Vertical bone gain after sinus lift procedures with beta-tricalcium phosphate and simultaneous implant placement\u2014a cross-sectional study. Medicina, 56.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56110609"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2015.07.003","article-title":"Use of autogenous bone and beta-tricalcium phosphate in maxillary sinus lifting: A prospective, randomized, volumetric computed tomography study","volume":"44","author":"Gorla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"9430989","article-title":"Comparative histological and histomorphometric results of six biomaterials used in two-stage maxillary sinus augmentation model after 6-month healing","volume":"2018","author":"Iezzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-019-6299-6","article-title":"Badja, S.; Libouban, H.; Chappard, D. Maxillary sinus floor elevation using Beta-Tricalcium-Phosphate (beta-TCP) or natural bone: Same inflammatory response","volume":"30","author":"Loin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, W.-B., Han, J.-Y., and Kang, K.-L. (2021). Long-term comparison of survival and marginal bone of implants with and without sinus augmentation in maxillary molars within the same patients: A 5.8- to 22-year retrospective study. J. Clin. Med., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10071360"},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"371","article-title":"A prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial of autogenous bone versus beta-tricalcium phosphate graft alone for bilateral sinus elevation: Histologic and histomorphometric evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Huys","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Implant."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12702","article-title":"Histomorphometric outcomes after lateral sinus floor elevation procedure: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Corbella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Implant. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200401000-00013","article-title":"Long-term results with different bone substitutes used for sinus floor elevation","volume":"15","author":"Velich","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01697.x","article-title":"Long-term changes in graft height after maxillary sinus floor elevation with different grafting materials: Radiographic evaluation with a minimum follow-up of 4.5 years","volume":"20","author":"Zijderveld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-016-0042-6","article-title":"Long-term radiographic assessment of maxillary sinus floor augmentation using beta-tricalcium phosphate: Analysis by cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"2","author":"Okada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Impl. Dent."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13505","article-title":"Factors influencing long-term survival rates of implants placed simultaneously with lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A 6- to 20-year retrospective study","volume":"30","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01555.x","article-title":"Meta-regression analysis of the initial bone height for predict- ing implant survival rates of two sinus elevation procedures","volume":"37","author":"Chao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12008","article-title":"A 10-year clinical and radiographic study of implants placed after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with an 80:20 mixture of deproteinized bovine bone and autogenous bone","volume":"16","author":"Mordenfeld","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0000000000000768","article-title":"Maxillary sinus floor augmentation with synthetic bone substitutes compared with other grafting materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Mordenfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Impl. Dent."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-021-00346-7","article-title":"Management of Schneiderian membrane perforations during maxillary sinus floor augmentation with lateral approach in relation to subsequent implant survival rates: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Impl. Dent."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03755-x","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes and complication rates after lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation: A prospective study","volume":"25","author":"Rengo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Investig."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13489","article-title":"Biological and technical outcomes of restored implants after maxillary sinus augmentation\u2014Results at 1-year loading","volume":"30","author":"Alayan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0483","article-title":"Factors influencing the prevalence of peri-implantitis in implants inserted in augmented maxillary sinuses: A multicenter cross-sectional study","volume":"92","author":"Stacchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12505","article-title":"Factors influencing severity of peri-implantitis","volume":"27","author":"Saaby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Oral. Impl. Res."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/19\/9975\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:03:28Z","timestamp":1760166208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/19\/9975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph18199975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18199975","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]}}}