{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T08:57:10Z","timestamp":1775897830503,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An altered mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) at birth can be a marker of increased disease susceptibility later in life. Gestational exposure to acute stress, such as that derived from the earthquake experienced on 19 September 2017 in Mexico City, could be associated with changes in mtDNAcn at birth. Our study used data from the OBESO (Biochemical and Epigenetic Origins of Overweight and Obesity) perinatal cohort in Mexico City. We compared the mtDNAcn in the umbilical cord blood of 22 infants born before the earthquake, 24 infants whose mothers were pregnant at the time of the earthquake (exposed), and 37 who were conceived after the earthquake (post-earthquake). We quantified mtDNAcn by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction normalized with a nuclear gene. We used a linear model adjusted by maternal age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, perceived stress, and pregnancy comorbidities. Compared to non-exposed newborns (mean \u00b1 SD mtDNAcn: 0.740 \u00b1 0.161), exposed and post-earthquake newborns (mtDNAcn: 0.899 \u00b1 0.156 and 0.995 \u00b1 0.169, respectively) had increased mtDNAcn, p = 0.001. The findings of this study point at mtDNAcn as a potential biological marker of acute stress and suggest that experiencing an earthquake during pregnancy or before gestation can have programing effects in the unborn child. Long-term follow-up of newborns to women who experience stress prenatally, particularly that derived from a natural disaster, is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182211771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T09:19:21Z","timestamp":1636535961000},"page":"11771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Adaptation as a Biological Response Derived from an Earthquake at Intrauterine Stage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-4351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonatan A.","family":"Mendoza-Ortega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunobiochemistry Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"},{"name":"Innate Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City 11350, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5304-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Reyes-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination of Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5107-9386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Nava-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunobiochemistry Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innate Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas-Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Mexico City 11350, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra B.","family":"Parra-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunobiochemistry Department, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Schnaas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blanca Vianey","family":"Su\u00e1rez-Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9231-9937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libni A.","family":"Torres-Olascoaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea A.","family":"Baccarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalind J.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert O.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9551-9021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Estrada-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatolog\u00eda Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Montes Urales 800, Lomas de Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7018-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Tamayo-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit in Occupational Health, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9897","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110909897","article-title":"Mitochondrial Toxicity in Human Pregnancy: An Update on Clinical and Experimental Approaches in the Last 10 Years","volume":"11","author":"Garrabou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. 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